Chloromethane

Chloromethane
Stereo, skeletal formula of chloromethane with all explicit hydrogens added
Ball and stick model of chloromethane
Ball and stick model of chloromethane
Spacefill model of chloromethane
Spacefill model of chloromethane
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Chloromethane[2]
Other names
  • Refrigerant-40
  • R-40[1]
  • Methyl chloride[1]
  • Monochloromethane[1]
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
1696839
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.744 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 200-817-4
24898
KEGG
MeSH Methyl+Chloride
RTECS number
  • PA6300000
UNII
UN number 1063
  • InChI=1S/CH3Cl/c1-2/h1H3 checkY
    Key: NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • CCl
Properties
CH3Cl
Molar mass 50.49 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless gas
Odor Faint, sweet odor[3]
Density 1.003 g/mL (-23.8 °C, liquid)[1] 2.3065 g/L (0 °C, gas)[1]
Melting point −97.4 °C (−143.3 °F; 175.8 K)[1]
Boiling point −23.8 °C (−10.8 °F; 249.3 K)[1]
5.325 g/L
log P 1.113
Vapor pressure 506.09 kPa (at 20 °C (68 °F))
940 nmol/(Pa⋅kg)
−32.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
Tetragonal
Tetrahedron
1.9 D
Thermochemistry
234.36 J/(K⋅mol)
−83.68 kJ/mol
−764.5–−763.5 kJ/mol
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS02: Flammable GHS08: Health hazard
Danger
H220, H351, H373
P210, P281, P410+P403
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 4: Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily. Flash point below 23 °C (73 °F). E.g. propaneInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
2
4
0
Flash point −20 °C (−4 °F; 253 K)[1]
625 °C (1,157 °F; 898 K)[1]
Explosive limits 8.1–17.4%[3]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
150–180 mg/kg (oral, rat)[1]
5.3 mg/L (4 h, inhalation, rat)[1]
72,000 ppm (rat, 30 min)
2200 ppm (mouse, 6 h)
2760 ppm (mammal, 4 h)
2524 ppm (rat, 4 h)[4]
20,000 ppm (guinea pig, 2 h)
14,661 ppm (dog, 6 h)[4]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 100 ppm C 200 ppm 300 ppm (5-minute maximum peak in any 3 hours)[3]
REL (Recommended)
 Ca[3]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 Ca [2000 ppm][3]
Related compounds
Related alkanes
Related compounds
 2-Chloroethanol
Supplementary data page
Chloromethane (data page)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Chloromethane, also called methyl chloride, Refrigerant-40, R-40 or HCC 40, is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH3Cl. One of the haloalkanes, it is a colorless, sweet-smelling, flammable gas. Methyl chloride is a crucial reagent in industrial chemistry, although it is rarely present in consumer products,[5] and was formerly utilized as a refrigerant. Most chloromethane is biogenic.

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Record in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
  2. ^ International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (2014). Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013. The Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 1033. doi:10.1039/9781849733069. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4.
  3. ^ a b c d e NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0403". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  4. ^ a b "Methyl chloride". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference Ross was invoked but never defined (see the help page).