Choline acetyltransferase (commonly abbreviated as ChAT, but sometimes CAT) is a transferaseenzyme responsible for the synthesis of the neurotransmitteracetylcholine. ChAT catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group from the coenzymeacetyl-CoA to choline, yielding acetylcholine (ACh). ChAT is found in high concentration in cholinergicneurons, both in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). As with most nerve terminal proteins, ChAT is produced in the body of the neuron and is transported to the nerve terminal, where its concentration is highest. Presence of ChAT in a nerve cell classifies this cell as a "cholinergic" neuron. In humans, the choline acetyltransferase enzyme is encoded by the CHATgene.[5]