War criminal convicted of killing Bengali intellectuals
Chowdhury Mueen-Uddin (Bengali : চৌধুরী মঈনুদ্দীন ; born 27 November 1948), is a British citizen convicted of war crimes committed during the Bangladesh Liberation War which involved the murder of Bengali intellectuals in collaboration with the Pakistan Army .[ 1] [ 8] [ 9] [ 10] After the liberation of Bangladesh, Chowdhury escaped from Bangladesh and attained British citizenship. Bangladesh has yet to file a request with the UK government to bring back Mueen, and the two countries do not have any extradition treaty signed between them.[ 11] [ 12] [ 13]
Chowdhury is a founder of the Islamic Forum of Europe , and a trustee and former chairman of Muslim Aid ,[ 3] [ 14] [ 15] and a director of Muslim spiritual care provision in the United Kingdom's National Health Service (NHS).[ 4]
On 3 November 2013, the International Crimes Tribunal (ICT), established by the government of Bangladesh to investigate war crimes and crimes against humanity committed during 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War, sentenced Mueen-Uddin, in absentia , to death for killing 9 teachers of Dhaka University , 6 journalists and 3 doctors in 1971.[ 5] [ 9] [ 10] [ 16] Mueen has remained in the United Kingdom since leaving Bangladesh shortly after its independence in 1971.[ 17] Mueen-Uddin denies the charges.[ 18]
He has been accused of war crimes prior to the establishment of the ICT. In 1972, The New York Times reported that he "has been identified as the head of a secret, commando-like organization of fanatic Moslems",[ 8] In 1995, a documentary film made by David Bergman , entitled War Crimes File was aired on British television channel Channel 4 producing comprehensive evidence of his involvement and active participation in the 1971 Bangladesh genocide .[ 19] [ 20]
^ a b Gilligan, Andrew (16 April 2012). "Chowdhury Mueen-Uddin to be charged with war crimes" . The Daily Telegraph . Archived from the original on 17 February 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2012 .
^ "UK Muslim leader Chowdhury Mueen Uddin sentenced to death in Bangladesh" . The Independent . London. 3 November 2013. Retrieved 5 November 2013 .
^ a b "Governance" . Muslim Aid . Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 14 December 2010 .
^ a b "Gallows for Mueen, Ashraf" . The Daily Star . 3 November 2013.
^ a b "Hang Mueen, Ashraf" . The Daily Star . 4 November 2013. Retrieved 15 November 2013 .
^ "Arrest warrant against 2 al-Badr operatives issued" . Dhaka Tribune . 2 May 2013. Retrieved 15 November 2013 .
^ "ICT issues arrest order against Mueen, Ashrafuzzaman" . Daily Sun . Dhaka. 16 April 2012. Archived from the original on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 20 July 2013 .
^ a b "NY Times finds journalist link to intellectuals' massacre" . The Daily Ittefaq . 13 December 2012. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 5 November 2013 .
^ a b "ICT-2 to pass order on Chy Mueen, Ashraf on May 2" . The Independent . Dhaka. 29 April 2012. Archived from the original on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 2 May 2013 .
^ a b "Charges against Mueen, Ashraf accepted" . The Daily Star . 2 May 2013. Retrieved 2 May 2013 .
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^ Shawon, Ali Asif (14 December 2022). "Extradition of Mueen, Ashraf still a far cry" . Dhaka Tribune. Retrieved 26 December 2023 .
^ Scott-Joynt, Jeremy (15 October 2003). "Charities in terror fund spotlight" . BBC News .
^ Husain, Ed (2009). The Islamist: Why I Became an Islamic Fundamentalist, what I Saw Inside, and why I Left . Penguin Books USA. pp. 29–. ISBN 978-0-14-311598-4 .
^ Niloy, Suliman; Haq, Quazi Shahreen; Dhrubo, Golam Mujtoba (3 November 2013). "Ashraf, Mueen to hang for mass murder" . Bdnews24.com . Retrieved 3 November 2013 .
^ "Killers at home turn leaders abroad" . The Daily Star . 4 November 2013. Retrieved 5 November 2013 .
^ "Bangladesh convicts UK-based Muslim leader for war crimes" . Dawn . 3 November 2013. Retrieved 15 November 2013 .
^ Sathi, Muktasree Chakma (4 November 2013). "UK documentary narrated Chowdhury Mueen's involvement" . Dhaka Tribune . Retrieved 15 November 2013 .
^ "Defender of Justice" . The Daily Star . 20 April 2012. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 15 November 2013 .