Nolan at the 2013 premiere of Man of Steel
Christopher Nolan is a British-American film director, screenwriter, and film producer. His feature directorial debut was the neo-noir crime thriller Following (1998) which was made on a budget of $6,000.[ 1] [ note 1] Two years later, he directed the psychological thriller Memento (2000) which starred Guy Pearce as a man suffering from anterograde amnesia (short-term memory loss) searching for his wife's killer.[ 3] Similar to his debut feature it had a non-linear narrative structure, and was his breakthrough film.[ 4] It was acclaimed by critics and was a surprise commercial success.[ 5] For the film Nolan received his first nomination for the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Feature Film , and for writing its screenplay he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay .[ 6] [ 7] He next directed the mystery thriller remake Insomnia (2002) which starred Al Pacino , Robin Williams , and Hilary Swank .[ 8] It was his first film for Warner Bros. , and was a critical and commercial success.[ 9] [ 10]
In 2005, Nolan directed Warner Bros' superhero film Batman Begins which starred Christian Bale and told an origin story of the title character.[ 11] The following year, he directed psychological thriller The Prestige (2006) in which Bale and Hugh Jackman played rival 19th-century stage magicians.[ 12] His next film was the sequel to Batman Begins , The Dark Knight , in which Bale reprised his role as Batman opposite Heath Ledger as the Joker . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $1 billion, and was the highest grossing of 2008.[ 13] It received eight nominations at the 81st Academy Awards , and Nolan received his second nomination at the Directors Guild of America Awards .[ 14] [ 15] In 2010, he directed the action film Inception starring Leonardo DiCaprio as a thief who leads a team who steal information by entering a person's subconscious.[ 16] It was nominated for Best Film at the Academy Awards , British Academy Film Awards , and Golden Globe Awards , and Nolan received his third nomination at the Directors Guild of America Awards.[ 17]
Two years later, he directed The Dark Knight Rises (2012), which grossed a worldwide total at the box office of over $1 billion.[ 18] He followed this by producing Zack Snyder 's superhero film Man of Steel (2013) and directing the science fiction film Interstellar (2014), which starred Matthew McConaughey , Anne Hathaway , and Jessica Chastain . It won the Saturn Award for Best Science Fiction Film .[ 19] In 2017, Nolan directed the war film Dunkirk , for which he received his first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Director .[ 20] Three years later he directed the science fiction film Tenet (2020).[ 21] His next feature was Oppenheimer (2023), a biopic centered on J. Robert Oppenheimer , with Cillian Murphy starring as the titular character, for which he won the Academy Award For Best Director and Best Picture. [ 22]
^ Sims, David (16 March 2016). "How Memento Set the Framework for Christopher Nolan's Career" . The Atlantic . Archived from the original on 9 August 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2019 .
^ "Horror-On-Sea 2018 Interview: Brian Barnes discusses 'The Redeeming' " . Nerdly. 27 December 2017. Archived from the original on 20 February 2018. Retrieved 5 April 2020 .
^ Scott, A. O. (16 March 2001). "Film Review; Backward Reel the Grisly Memories" . The New York Times . Archived from the original on 20 October 2019. Retrieved 7 December 2019 .
^ Couch, Aaron; Kit, Borys (25 January 2019). "Next Christopher Nolan Film to Open in July 2020" . The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on 22 November 2019. Retrieved 9 December 2019 .
^ White, James (17 February 2015). "Sleeping Beauties: The Story Behind 12 Of Cinema's Unlikeliest Hits" . Empire . Archived from the original on 26 April 2016. Retrieved 7 December 2019 .
^ Tapley, Kristopher (23 January 2018). "Christopher Nolan Scores His First-Ever Oscar Nomination for Best Director" . Variety . Archived from the original on 23 January 2018. Retrieved 9 December 2019 .
^ "The 74th Academy Awards" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences . 4 December 2015. Archived from the original on 1 October 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2019 .
^ Ebert, Roger (24 May 2002). "Insomnia movie review & film summary (2002)" . Roger Ebert. Archived from the original on 22 August 2019. Retrieved 9 December 2019 .
^ McNary, Dave (25 January 2019). "Christopher Nolan's Next Movie Gets July 2020 Release Date" . Variety . Archived from the original on 6 July 2019. Retrieved 6 December 2019 .
^ Giardina, Carolyn (24 June 2012). "LAFF 2012: 'Dark Knight Rises' Cinematographer Wally Pfister Discusses His Directorial Debut" . The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on 28 March 2019. Retrieved 9 December 2019 .
^ Ebert, Roger (13 June 2005). "Batman Begins movie review and film summary (2005)" . Roger Ebert. Archived from the original on 8 December 2019. Retrieved 13 December 2019 .
^ Thompson, Sam (15 November 2006). "Can The Prestige survive its Hollywood transformation?" . The Guardian . Archived from the original on 26 September 2014. Retrieved 9 December 2019 .
^ "Worldwide Grosses" . Box Office Mojo . Archived from the original on 12 June 2010.
^ "The 81st Academy Awards" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. 7 October 2014. Archived from the original on 2 November 2016. Retrieved 13 December 2019 .
^ Child, Ben (9 January 2009). "Nolan and Boyle nominated by DGA as Slumdog Millionaire sweeps Critics' Choice awards" . The Guardian . Archived from the original on 19 July 2019. Retrieved 13 December 2019 .
^ French, Philip (18 July 2010). "Inception" . The Observer . Archived from the original on 19 May 2014. Retrieved 13 December 2019 .
^ Multiple sources:
^ McClintock, Pamela (2 September 2012). "Box Office Milestone: 'Dark Knight Rises' Crosses $1 Billion Worldwide" . The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on 7 December 2019. Retrieved 13 December 2019 .
^ Cohen, David S. (26 June 2015). " 'Guardians of the Galaxy,' 'The Walking Dead,' 'Interstellar' Shine at Saturn Awards" . Variety . Archived from the original on 4 January 2016. Retrieved 13 December 2019 .
^ "The 90th Academy Awards" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on 10 March 2018. Retrieved 13 December 2019 .
^ Rubin, Rebecca (27 July 2020). " 'Tenet' Will Release Internationally in August Ahead of U.S. Debut" . Variety . Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2020 .
^ Fleming, Mike Jr. (9 September 2021). "Christopher Nolan Bombshell: Director Talking To Multiple Studios On Film He'll Direct About J. Robert Oppenheimer & Development Of The A-Bomb In WWII" . Deadline . Archived from the original on 10 September 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021 .
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