Chromium(II) chloride

Chromium(II) chloride
3D model of chromium(II) chloride, green atom is chloride
Sample of chromium(II) chloride
Names
IUPAC name
Chromium(II) chloride
Other names
Chromous chloride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.030.136 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 233-163-3
RTECS number
  • GB5250000
UNII
UN number 3077
  • InChI=1S/2ClH.Cr/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2 checkY
    Key: XBWRJSSJWDOUSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L checkY
  • InChI=1/2ClH.Cr/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2
    Key: XBWRJSSJWDOUSJ-NUQVWONBAQ
  • anhydrous: [Cr+2].[Cl-].[Cl-]
  • tetrahydrate: Cl[Cr-4](Cl)([OH2+])([OH2+])([OH2+])[OH2+]
Properties
Cl2Cr
Molar mass 122.90 g·mol−1
Appearance White to grey/green powder (anhydrous)
blue solid (tetrahydrate)
Odor Odorless
Density 2.88 g/cm3 (24 °C)[1]
Melting point 824 °C (1,515 °F; 1,097 K)
anhydrous
51 °C (124 °F; 324 K)
tetrahydrate, decomposes[1]
Boiling point 1,302 °C (2,376 °F; 1,575 K)
anhydrous[1]
Soluble[1]
Solubility Insoluble in alcohol, ether
Acidity (pKa) 2
+7230·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
Orthorhombic (deformed rutile, anhydrous), oP6[2]
Monoclinic (tetrahydrate)[3]
Pnnm, No. 58 (anhydrous)[2]
P21/c, No. 14 (tetrahydrate)[3]
2/m 2/m 2/m (anhydrous)[2]
2/m (tetrahydrate)[3]
a = 6.64 Å, b = 5.98 Å, c = 3.48 Å (anhydrous)[2]
α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
Octahedral (Cr2+, anhydrous)[2]
Thermochemistry
71.2 J/mol·K[1]
115.3 J/mol·K[1]
−395.4 kJ/mol[1]
−356 kJ/mol[1]
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS07: Exclamation mark[4]
Warning
H302, H315, H319, H335[4]
P261, P305+P351+P338[4]
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
[5]
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g. calciumSpecial hazards (white): no code
2
0
1
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
1870 mg/kg (rats, oral)[5]
Safety data sheet (SDS) Oxford MSDS
Related compounds
Other anions
 Chromium(II) fluoride
Chromium(II) bromide
Chromium(II) iodide
Other cations
 Chromium(III) chloride
Chromium(IV) chloride
Molybdenum(II) chloride
Tungsten(II) chloride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Chromium(II) chloride describes inorganic compounds with the formula CrCl2(H2O)n. The anhydrous solid is white when pure, however commercial samples are often grey or green; it is hygroscopic and readily dissolves in water to give bright blue air-sensitive solutions of the tetrahydrate Cr(H2O)4Cl2. Chromium(II) chloride has no commercial uses but is used on a laboratory-scale for the synthesis of other chromium complexes.

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.
  2. ^ a b c d e Tracy, Joseph W.; Gregory, N.W.; Lingafelter, E.C.; Dunitz, J.D.; Mez, H.-C.; Rundle, R.E.; Scheringer, Christian; Yakel, H.L.; Wilkinson, M.K. (1961). "The crystal structure of chromium(II) chloride". Acta Crystallographica. 4 (9): 927–929. doi:10.1107/S0365110X61002710.
  3. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference zeit was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ a b c Sigma-Aldrich Co., Chromium(II) chloride. Retrieved on 2014-07-04.
  5. ^ a b "MSDS of Chromium(II) chloride". fishersci.ca. Fisher Scientific. Retrieved 2014-07-04.