Circle of equal altitude

The circle of equal altitude, also called circle of position (CoP), is defined as the locus of points on Earth on which an observer sees a celestial object such as the sun or a star, at a given time, with the same observed altitude. It was discovered by the American sea-captain Thomas Hubbard Sumner in 1837, published in 1843 and is the basis of an important method in celestial navigation.

Discovery of the circle of equal altitude - A New and Accurate Method of Finding a Ship's Position at Sea, by Projection on Mercator's Chart, by Capt. Thomas H. Sumner, July 1843, Thomas Groom & Company of Boston