In humans, clusterin (CLU) is encoded by the CLU gene on chromosome 8.[5] CLU is an extracellular molecular chaperone which binds to misfolded proteins in body fluids to neutralise their toxicity and mediate their cellular uptake by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Once internalised by cells, complexes between CLU and misfolded proteins are trafficked to lysosomes where they are degraded. [6] CLU is involved in many diseases including neurodegenerative diseases, cancers, inflammatory diseases, and aging.[7][8][9]
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000120885 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022037 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: clusterin".
- ^ Wyatt, Amy R.; Yerbury, Justin J.; Ecroyd, Heath; Wilson, Mark R. (2013). "Extracellular chaperones and proteostasis". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 82: 295–322. doi:10.1146/annurev-biochem-072711-163904. ISSN 1545-4509. PMID 23350744.
- ^ Koltai T (2014). "Clusterin: a key player in cancer chemoresistance and its inhibition". OncoTargets and Therapy. 7: 447–56. doi:10.2147/OTT.S58622. PMC 3964162. PMID 24672247.
- ^ Sansanwal P, Li L, Sarwal MM (Mar 2015). "Inhibition of intracellular clusterin attenuates cell death in nephropathic cystinosis". Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 26 (3): 612–25. doi:10.1681/ASN.2013060577. PMC 4341467. PMID 25071085.
- ^ Lin CC, Tsai P, Sun HY, Hsu MC, Lee JC, Wu IC, Tsao CW, Chang TT, Young KC (Nov 2014). "Apolipoprotein J, a glucose-upregulated molecular chaperone, stabilizes core and NS5A to promote infectious hepatitis C virus virion production". Journal of Hepatology. 61 (5): 984–93. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2014.06.026. PMID 24996046.