Co-operative Commonwealth Federation Fédération du Commonwealth Coopératif Parti social démocratique du Canada | |
|---|---|
 Political party | |
| Chairman | J. S. Woodsworth M. J. Coldwell F. R. Scott Percy Wright David Lewis |
| Secretary | M. J. Coldwell David Lewis Lorne Ingle Carl Hamilton |
| Founded | 1 August 1932 |
| Dissolved | 3 August 1961 |
| Preceded by | Ginger Group Independent Labour Party United Farmers of Alberta (political wing) |
| Succeeded by | New Democratic Party |
| Headquarters | Ottawa, Ontario, Canada |
| Ideology | Democratic socialism Social democracy Agrarianism[1] |
| Political position | Left-wing[2] |
| International affiliation | Socialist International |
| Colours |
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The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF; French: Fédération du Commonwealth Coopératif, FCC) was a federal democratic socialist[3] and social-democratic[4] political party in Canada. The CCF was founded in 1932 in Calgary, Alberta, by a number of socialist, agrarian, co-operative, and labour groups,[5] and the League for Social Reconstruction. In 1944, the CCF formed one of the first social-democratic governments in North America when it was elected to form the provincial government in Saskatchewan.[6]
The full, but little used, name of the party was Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (Farmer-Labour-Socialist).[7]
In 1961, the CCF was succeeded by the New Democratic Party (NDP).
- ^ Seymour Martin Lipset (1971). Agrarian Socialism: The Cooperative Commonwealth Federation in Saskatchewan : a Study in Political Sociology. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-02056-6. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
- ^ Alvin Finkel (1979). Business and Social Reform in the Thirties. James Lorimer & Company. p. 154. ISBN 978-0-88862-235-8.
- ^ The following sources describe the CCF as a democratic socialist political party:
- Robert Bothwell; Ian M. Drummond; John English (1989). Canada Since 1945: Power, Politics and Provincialism. University of Toronto Press. p. 149. ISBN 978-0-8020-6672-5. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
- Anthony Hlynka (2005). The Honourable Member for Vegreville: The Memoirs and Diary of Anthony Hlynka, M.P. (1940–49). University of Calgary Press. p. 24. ISBN 978-1-55238-137-3. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
- Callum G. Brown; Michael Snape (2010). Secularisation in the Christian World. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 106. ISBN 978-0-7546-6131-3. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
- Will Ferguson (2011). Canadian History for Dummies. John Wiley & Sons. p. 200. ISBN 978-0-470-67678-3. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
- Charles D. Ameringer (1992). Political Parties of the Americas, 1980s to 1990s: Canada, Latin America, and the West Indies. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 157. ISBN 978-0-313-27418-3. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
- Terence Allan Crowley; Murphy, Rae (1993). The Essentials of Canadian History: Pre-colonization to 1867—the Beginning of a Nation. Research & Education Assoc. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-7386-7144-4. Retrieved 5 May 2013.
- ^ These sources describe the CCF as a social-democratic political party:
- Bryan Evans; Ingo Schmidt (2012). Social Democracy After the Cold War. Athabasca University Press. p. 47. ISBN 978-1-926836-87-4. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
- Rand Dyck (2011). Canadian Politics. Cengage Learning. p. 219. ISBN 978-0-17-650343-7. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
- M. O. Dickerson; Thomas Flanagan; Brenda O'Neill (2009). An Introduction to Government and Politics: A Conceptual Approach. Cengage Learning. p. 169. ISBN 978-0-17-650042-9. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
- Craig Heron; Robert Storey (1986). On the Job: Confronting the Labour Process in Canada. McGill-Queens. p. 21. ISBN 978-0-7735-0599-5. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
- Norman Penner (1992). From Protest to Power: Social Democracy in Canada 1900–Present. James Lorimer & Company. p. 86. ISBN 978-1-55028-384-6. Retrieved 19 August 2012.
- ^ Alvin Finkel (1997). Our Lives: Canada After 1945. James Lorimer & Company. p. 5. ISBN 978-1-55028-551-2. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
- ^ Peter Davis (1983). Social Democracy in the South Pacific. Peter Davis. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-908636-35-8. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
- ^ Calgary Herald, August 1, 1932