Coimbatore district

Coimbatore
Covai
District of Tamil Nadu
Clockwise from top-left: Marudhamalai Temple, Pandava Graves site, hills near Pollachi, Tea plantation near Valparai, North Coimbatore flyover
Nickname: 
Manchester of South india
Location in Tamil Nadu
Location in Tamil Nadu
Map
Coimbatore district
Coordinates: 11°00′45″N 76°58′17″E / 11.0125°N 76.9714°E / 11.0125; 76.9714
Country India
State Tamil Nadu
HeadquartersCoimbatore
TaluksAnnur, Anaimalai, Coimbatore North, Coimbatore South, Kinathukadavu, Madukkarai, Mettupalayam, Perur, Pollachi, Sulur, Valparai
Government
 • BodyCoimbatore Local Planning Authority
 • District CollectorKranthikumar Pati, IAS
 • Commissioner of Police (City)Pradip Kumar, IPS
 • Superintendent of Police (Rural)V. Badrinarayanan, IPS
Area
 • Total4,723 km2 (1,824 sq mi)
Elevation
420 m (1,380 ft)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Total3,458,045
 • Density730/km2 (1,900/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialTamil
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
641xxx, 642xxx
Telephone code+91-0422
ISO 3166 codeISO 3166-2
Vehicle registrationTN-37(Coimbatore South),

TN-37Z(Sulur), TN-38(Coimbatore North), TN-40(Mettupalayam), TN-41(Pollachi), TN-41Z(Valparai), TN-66(Coimbatore Central),

TN-99(Coimbatore West),
Gross Domestic Product (2019-20)₹136,523.21 crore (equivalent to ₹1.6 trillion or US$19 billion in 2023) [2]
Largest cityCoimbatore
Sex ratioM-50.00%/F-50.00% ♂/♀
Literacy92.98%
State legislative assembly (India) constituency10
Precipitation700 millimetres (28 in)
Avg. summer temperature36 °C (97 °F)
Avg. winter temperature18 °C (64 °F)
Websitecoimbatore.nic.in

Coimbatore district is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. Coimbatore is the administrative headquarters of the district.[3] It is one of the most industrialized districts and a major textile, industrial, commercial, educational, information technology, healthcare and manufacturing hub of Tamil Nadu.[4] The region is bounded by Tiruppur district in the east, Nilgiris district in the north, Erode district in the northeast, Palakkad district, Idukki district and small parts of Thrissur district and Ernakulam district of neighboring state of Kerala in the west and south respectively. As of 2011, Coimbatore district had a population of 3,458,045 with a sex ratio of 1,000 and literacy rate of 84%.[5]

Coimbatore district was part of the historical Kongu Nadu and was ruled by the Cheras as it served as the eastern entrance to the Palakkad Gap, the principal trade route between the west coast and Tamil Nadu.[6] Coimbatore was in the middle of the Roman trade route that extended from Muziris to Arikamedu in South India.[7][8] The medieval Cholas conquered the Kongu Nadu in the 10th century CE.[9][10] The region was ruled by Vijayanagara Empire in the 15th century followed by the Nayaks who introduced the Palayakkarar system under which Kongu Nadu region was divided into 24 Palayams.[11] In the later part of the 18th century, the Coimbatore region came under the Kingdom of Mysore and following the defeat of Tipu Sultan in the Anglo-Mysore Wars, the British East India Company annexed Coimbatore to the Madras Presidency in 1799. The Coimbatore region played a prominent role in the Second Poligar War (1801) when it was the area of operations of Dheeran Chinnamalai.[12] In 1804, Coimbatore was established as the capital of the newly formed Coimbatore district.[13][14][15] The district experienced a textile boom in the early 19th century due to the decline of the cotton industry in Mumbai.[16]

Post-independence, the district has seen rapid growth due to industrialisation. According to the 2011 Census, Coimbatore district is the second most urbanized district in Tamil Nadu after Chennai. 71.37% of the district's population at the 2011 Census was urban, while 29.63% was rural. The urbanized areas of Coimbatore district include the city of Coimbatore, Karamadai, Podanur, Madhukkarai, Ettimadai, Thondamuthur, Mettupalayam, Annur, and a few other regions.[example needed] Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya founded by Mahatama Gandhi 1934.[citation needed]

  1. ^ "2011 Census of India" (MS Excel). Indian government. 16 April 2011.
  2. ^ https://spc.tn.gov.in/wp-content/uploads/Regional_Imbalance.pdf
  3. ^ "Manchester of South India". Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  4. ^ "Indian Government press release". Press Information Bureau, Government of India. 31 October 2011. Archived from the original on 30 June 2015. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
  5. ^ "Coimbatore district, Census 2011". Government of India. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  6. ^ Subramanian, T. S (28 January 2007). "Roman connection in Tamil Nadu". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 19 September 2013. Retrieved 28 October 2011.
  7. ^ "Kovai's Roman connection". The Hindu. 8 January 2009. Archived from the original on 25 January 2009. Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  8. ^ "On the Roman Trail". The Hindu. 21 January 2008. Archived from the original on 10 November 2012. Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  9. ^ Vanavarayar, Shankar (21 June 2010). "Scripting history". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 10 November 2012. Retrieved 9 May 2011.
  10. ^ M, Soundariya Preetha (30 June 2007). "Tale of an ancient road". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 3 July 2007. Retrieved 9 May 2011.
  11. ^ "The land called Kongunad". The Hindu. 19 November 2005. Archived from the original on 29 March 2006. Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  12. ^ "Remembering Dheeran Chinnamalai". The Hindu. 3 August 2007. Archived from the original on 28 March 2008. Retrieved 15 January 2011.
  13. ^ "Namma Kovai". The Hindu. 31 December 2013. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
  14. ^ "The city that is Coimbatore". The Hindu. 30 April 2005. Archived from the original on 26 July 2011. Retrieved 9 June 2010.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  15. ^ S. Muthiah (14 April 2003). "'Golden Tips' in the Nilgiris". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 7 August 2007. Retrieved 9 June 2010.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  16. ^ "The cotton classic". Frontline. 30 January 2004. Archived from the original on 29 June 2006. Retrieved 9 June 2010.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)