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The Coinage of India began anywhere between early 1st millennium BCE to the 6th century BCE, and consisted mainly of copper and silver coins in its initial stage.[1] The coins of this period were Karshapanas or Pana.[2] A variety of earliest Indian coins, however, unlike those circulated in West Asia, were stamped bars of metal, suggesting that the innovation of stamped currency was added to a pre-existing form of token currency which had already been present in the Janapadas and Mahajanapada kingdoms of the Early historic India. The kingdoms that minted their own coins included Gandhara, Kuntala, Kuru, Magadha, Panchala, Shakya, Surasena, Surashtra and Vidarbha etc.[3]
The tradition of Indian coinage in the 2nd millennium evolved with Indo Islamic rule in India.[1] and the British Raj in the 19th century.[4]
- ^ a b Allan & Stern (2008)
- ^ See P.L. Gupta: Coins, New Delhi, National Book Trust, 1996, Chapter II.
- ^ "The Coin India Coin Galleries: Gandhara Janapada". Coinindia.com. Retrieved 2012-05-22. "The Coin India Coin Galleries: Kuntala Janapada". Coinindia.com. Retrieved 2012-05-22. "The Coin India Coin Galleries: Kuru Janapada". Coinindia.com. Retrieved 2012-05-22. "The COININDIA Coin Galleries: Panchala Janapada". Coinindia.com. Retrieved 2012-05-22. "The Coin India Coin Galleries: Shakya Janapada". Coinindia.com. Retrieved 2012-05-22. "The Coin India Coin Galleries: Shukrana Janapada". Coinindia.com. Archived from the original on 2012-06-05. Retrieved 2012-05-22. "The Coin India Coin Galleries: Surashtra Janapada". Coinindia.com. Retrieved 2012-05-22. "The Coin India Coin Galleries: Vidarbha Janapada". Coinindia.com. Retrieved 2012-05-22.
- ^ Sutherland (2008)