Coma Star Cluster

Not to be confused with Coma Cluster.
Coma Star Cluster
Coma Star Cluster, Mel 111
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Right ascension12h 22.5m [1]
Declination+25° 51′[1]
Distance280 ly (86 pc[2][3])
Apparent magnitude (V)+1.8
Apparent dimensions (V)7.5° [2]
Physical characteristics
Mass- M☉
Radius-
Estimated age-
Second closest open cluster[citation needed]
Other designationsComa Ber Cluster,[1] Cr 256,[4] Mel 111,[1] OCl 558.0[1]
Associations
ConstellationComa Berenices
See also: Open cluster, List of open clusters

The Coma Star Cluster (also known as Melotte 111 or Collinder 256) is a nearby open cluster located in the constellation Coma Berenices. The cluster contains about 40 brighter stars (between magnitudes 5 and 10) with a common proper motion. The brighter stars of the cluster make out a distinctive "V" shape as seen when Coma Berenices is rising. The cluster used to represent the tail of Leo. However, in around 240 BC, Ptolemy III renamed it for the Egyptian queen Berenice's legendary sacrifice of her hair.

The Hipparcos satellite and infrared color-magnitude diagram fitting have been used to establish a distance to the cluster's center of approximately 86 parsecs (280 ly).[2][3] The distance established via the independent analyses agree, thereby making the cluster an important rung on the cosmic distance ladder. The open cluster is roughly twice as distant as the Hyades and covers an area of more than 7.5 degrees on the sky.[2][3] The cluster is approximately 450 million years old.

Map of stars and open clusters within 100 parsecs of the Sun. The Ursa moving group is near the center at 225° galactic longitude.
Brightest members
(mv < 6.5)[5]
Identifier Magnitude
γ Com[a] 4.81
12 Com 4.81
31 Com 4.94
14 Com 4.95
16 Com 4.96
13 Com 5.18
17 Com 5.24
21 Com 5.44
18 Com[b] 5.47
HD 106887 5.71
HD 105805 5.99
8 Com 6.22
22 Com 6.24
FM Com 6.43
  1. ^ Outside a nominal 5° radius adopted as the cluster size
  2. ^ At the same distance as Melotte 111, but its proper motion and isochrone are inconsistent.
  1. ^ a b c d e "Cl Melotte 111 -- Open (galactic) Cluster". SIMBAD. Retrieved 23 October 2013.
  2. ^ a b c d van Leeuwen, F. (April 2009). "Parallaxes and proper motions for 20 open clusters as based on the new Hipparcos catalogue". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 497 (1): 209–242. arXiv:0902.1039. Bibcode:2009A&A...497..209V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200811382. S2CID 16420237.
  3. ^ a b c Majaess, D.; Turner, D.; Lane, D.; Krajci, T. (September 2011). "Deep Infrared ZAMS Fits to Benchmark Open Clusters Hosting Delta Scuti Stars". Journal of the American Association of Variable Star Observers. 39 (2): 219. arXiv:1102.1705. Bibcode:2011JAVSO..39..219M.
  4. ^ Houston, Walter Scott. "Open Clusters by the Season". Sky & Telescope. p. 8. Retrieved 23 October 2013.[permanent dead link]
  5. ^ Tang, Shih-Yun; Chen, W. P.; Chiang, P. S.; Jose, Jessy; Herczeg, Gregory J.; Goldman, Bertrand (2018). "Characterization of Stellar and Substellar Members in the Coma Berenices Star Cluster". The Astrophysical Journal. 862 (2): 106. arXiv:1806.08322. Bibcode:2018ApJ...862..106T. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aacb7a. S2CID 119416393.