Combined Charging System

A CCS1 (Combined Charging Standard 1) DC charging connector, which is used in North America. It is an extension of the J1772 standard AC charging connector.
CCS Combo 1 vehicle inlet showing the J1772 and the two DC fast-charging pins
Connectors: Combo 2 (left), compared to IEC Type 2 (right). Two large direct current (DC) pins are added below, and the four alternating current (AC) pins for neutral and three-phase are removed.
Typical Combined Charging System (Combo 2) vehicle inlet
CCS Combo 2 at European Tesla Model 3 vehicle inlet

The Combined Charging System (CCS) is a standard for charging electric vehicles. It can use Combo 1 (CCS1) or Combo 2 (CCS2) connectors to provide power at up to 500 kilowatts (kW) (max. 1000 V and 500 A).[1] These two connectors are extensions of the IEC 62196 Type 1 and Type 2 connectors, with two additional direct current (DC) contacts to allow high-power DC fast charging. In response to demand for faster charging, 400 kW CCS chargers have been deployed by charging networks and 700 kW CCS chargers have been demonstrated.

The Combined Charging System allows AC charging using the Type 1 and Type 2 connector depending on the geographical region. This charging environment encompasses charging couplers, charging communication, charging stations, the electric vehicle and various functions for the charging process such as load balancing and charge authorization.

Electric vehicles or electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) are CCS-capable if they support either AC or DC charging according to the standards listed by the CCS. Automobile manufacturers that support CCS include BMW, Daimler, FCA, Jaguar, Groupe PSA, Honda, Hyundai, Kia, Mazda, MG, Nissan, Polestar, Renault, Rivian, Tesla, Mahindra, Tata Motors and Volkswagen Group,[2][3] as well as Ford and General Motors through the 2024 model year for their North American EVs.[4]

Competing charging systems for high-power DC charging include CHAdeMO (widely used in Japan, previously used in North America and Europe)[5] GB/T (China),[6] and the North American Charging System developed by Tesla.[7]

  1. ^ "CCS HPC350 power class-voltage and current range". 2019-10-01. Retrieved 2023-05-28.
  2. ^ "Tesla Model 3 could set the charging standard for electric vehicles". Electrek. 12 April 2017. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
  3. ^ "IONIQ Electric - Complete Hyundai Walkthrough Videos On Its 110 Mile EV".
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference electrek20230609 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Gaton, Bryce (December 21, 2022). "Tesla launches new EV charging battle, but the Plug War is already over". The Driven. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  6. ^ Gene (October 16, 2017). "Tesla updates Model S/X charge port to support China's charging standard". TESLARATI. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  7. ^ Bhargava, Hemant; Boehm, Jonas; Parker, Geoffrey G. (27 January 2021). "How Tesla's Charging Stations Left Other Manufacturers in the Dust". Harvard Business Review. Retrieved 27 June 2021.