Manufactured feeds are an important part of modern commercial aquaculture. They provide the balanced nutrition needed by farmed fish. The feeds, in the form of granules or pellets, give nutrition in a stable and concentrated form, enabling the fish to feed efficiently and grow to their full potential.
Many of the fish farmed more intensively around the world today are carnivorous, such as Atlantic salmon, trout, sea bass, and turbot. Starting in the 1970s, fishmeal and fish oil were key components of the feeds for these species in the development of modern aquaculture. They are combined with other ingredients such as vegetable proteins, cereal grains, vitamins and minerals and formed into feed pellets. Wheat, for example, is widely used as it helps to bind the ingredients in the pellets.
Other forms of fish feed being used include feeds made entirely with vegetable materials for species such as carp, moist feeds preferred by some species (easier to make but more difficult to store), and trash fish —that is, fish caught and fed directly to larger species being raised in aquaculture pens.