Comunidades of Goa

The Comunidades of Goa are a form of land association developed in Goa, India, where land-ownership is collectively held, but controlled by the male descendants of those who claimed to be the founders of the village, who in turn mostly belonged to upper caste groups.[1] Documented by the Portuguese as of 1526, it was the predominant form of landholding in Goa prior to 1961.[2][3] In form, it is similar to many other rural agricultural peoples' form of landholding,[4] such as that of pre-Spanish Bolivia[5] and the Puebloan peoples now in the Southwestern United States,[6] identified by Karl Marx as the dualism of rural communities: the existence of collective land ownership together with private production on the land.[7]

  1. ^ Pereira, Rui Gomes (1978). Goa: Hindu temples and deities. Volume 1 of Goa. (translated from the original in Portuguese by Antonio Victor Couto). Panaji, Goa, India: Pereira. p. 1. OCLC 6862661.
  2. ^ Vanjari, Shrikrishna (1968). "Feudal Land Tenure System in Goa". Economic and Political Weekly. 3 (22). New Delhi: 843–844.
  3. ^ Mascarenhas, Nascimento (25 April 2010). "Comunidades de Goa". Saligao Serenade. Archived from the original on 25 April 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2013.
  4. ^ Agrawal, A. (2001). "Common property institutions and sustainable governance of resources". World Development. 29 (10): 1649–1672. doi:10.1016/s0305-750x(01)00063-8.
  5. ^ Weeks, David (1947). "Land tenure in Bolivia". The Journal of Land & Public Utility Economics. 23 (3): 321–336. doi:10.2307/3158806. JSTOR 3158806.(subscription required)
  6. ^ Beaglehole, Ernest (1934). "Ownership and inheritance in an American Indian tribe". Iowa Law Review. 20: 304–316.(subscription required)
  7. ^ Potekhin, Ivan I. (1963). "Land relations in African countries". The Journal of Modern African Studies. 1 (1): 39–59. doi:10.1017/s0022278x00000707. JSTOR 158783.(subscription required)