The coxal gland is a gland found in some arthropods, for collecting and excreting urine. They are found in all arachnids (with the exception of some Acari), and in other chelicerates, such as horseshoe crabs.[1] The coxal gland is thought to be homologous with the antennal gland of crustaceans. The gland consists of an end sac (saccule), a long duct (labyrinth) and a terminal bladder (reservoir).[2] There is generally only one pair (two in some spiders), and they open on the coxae of the walking legs[1] or at the base of the second antennae in the case of the crustacean antennal gland.[3]: 70–71 The coxal secretion of adult female ticks of Ornithodoros erraticus contains a sex pheromone.[4]
- ^ a b Colin Little (1983). "Chelicerates". The Colonisation of Land: Origins and Adaptations of Terrestrial Animals. Cambridge University Press. pp. 106–126. ISBN 978-0-521-25218-8.
- ^ H. S. Bhamrah & Kavita Juneja (2002). "Scorpions". An Introduction to Arthropoda (2nd ed.). Anmol Publications. pp. 317–342. ISBN 978-81-261-0673-8.
- ^ Kibenge, Frederick S. B.; Strange, Richard J. (2021-01-01). "Chapter 1 - Introduction to the anatomy and physiology of the major aquatic animal species in aquaculture". In Kibenge, Frederick S. B.; Baldisserotto, Bernardo; Chong, Roger Sie-Maen (eds.). Aquaculture Pharmacology. Academic Press. pp. 1–111. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-821339-1.00001-5. ISBN 978-0-12-821339-1.
- ^ Schlein, Y.; Gunders, A. E. (1981). "Pheromone of Ornithodoros spp. (Argasidae) in the coxal fluid of female ticks". Parasitology. 82 (3): 467–471. doi:10.1017/S0031182000066993. S2CID 85691239.