 Skeletal formula of neutral form of creatine
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 Skeletal formula of one of the zwitterionic forms of creatine
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 Ball and stick model of one zwitterionic form of creatine
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| Systematic IUPAC name
2-[Carbamimidoyl(methyl)amino]acetic acid | |
| Other names
N-Carbamimidoyl-N-methylglycine; Methylguanidoacetic acid; N-amidinosarcosine
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| 3DMet | |
| 907175 | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| DrugBank | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.278 |
| EC Number |
|
| 240513 | |
| KEGG | |
| MeSH | Creatine |
PubChem CID
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C4H9N3O2 | |
| Molar mass | 131.135 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | White crystals |
| Odor | Odourless |
| Melting point | 255 °C (491 °F; 528 K) |
| 13.3 g L−1 (at 18 °C) | |
| log P | −1.258 |
| Acidity (pKa) | 3.429 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 10.568 |
| Isoelectric point | 8.47 |
| Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C)
|
171.1 J K−1 mol−1 (at 23.2 °C) |
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298) |
189.5 J K−1 mol−1 |
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−538.06–−536.30 kJ mol−1 |
Std enthalpy of
combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
−2.3239–−2.3223 MJ mol−1 |
| Pharmacology | |
| C01EB06 (WHO) | |
| Pharmacokinetics: | |
| 3 hours | |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
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| Warning | |
| H315, H319, H335 | |
| P261, P305+P351+P338 | |
| Related compounds | |
Related alkanoic acids
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Related compounds
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Dimethylacetamide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Creatine (/ˈkriːətiːn/ or /ˈkriːətɪn/)[1] is an organic compound with the nominal formula (H2N)(HN)CN(CH3)CH2CO2H. It exists in various tautomers in solutions (among which are neutral form and various zwitterionic forms). Creatine is found in vertebrates, where it facilitates recycling of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), primarily in muscle and brain tissue. Recycling is achieved by converting adenosine diphosphate (ADP) back to ATP via donation of phosphate groups. Creatine also acts as a buffer.[2]
- ^ Stout JR, Antonio J, Kalman E, eds. (2008). Essentials of Creatine in Sports and Health. Humana. ISBN 978-1-59745-573-2.
- ^ Barcelos RP, Stefanello ST, Mauriz JL, Gonzalez-Gallego J, Soares FA (2016). "Creatine and the Liver: Metabolism and Possible Interactions". Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry. 16 (1): 12–8. doi:10.2174/1389557515666150722102613. PMID 26202197.
The process of creatine synthesis occurs in two steps, catalyzed by L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT) and guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase (GAMT), which take place mainly in kidney and liver, respectively. This molecule plays an important energy/pH buffer function in tissues, and to guarantee the maintenance of its total body pool, the lost creatine must be replaced from diet or de novo synthesis.