Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 1

CNGA1
Identifiers
Aliases	CNGA1, CNCG, CNCG1, CNG-1, CNG1, RCNC1, RCNCa, RCNCalpha, RP49, Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 1, cyclic nucleotide gated channel alpha 1, cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1
External IDs	OMIM: 123825; MGI: 88436; HomoloGene: 55432; GeneCards: CNGA1; OMA:CNGA1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 4 (human)
End	48,016,681 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (mouse)
End	72,801,618 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	amniotic fluid; ; right lobe of liver; ; sural nerve; ; pancreatic epithelial cell; ; testicle; ; pancreatic ductal cell; ; mucosa of urinary bladder; ; skin of abdomen; ; skin of hip; ; corpus epididymis;
	Top expressed in
	neural layer of retina; ; retinal pigment epithelium; ; epithelium of lens; ; ciliary body; ; iris; ; thymus; ; corneal stroma; ; zygote; ; conjunctival fornix; ; secondary oocyte;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	nucleotide binding; intracellular cyclic nucleotide activated cation channel activity; ion channel activity; protein binding; voltage-gated potassium channel activity; cGMP binding; intracellular cAMP-activated cation channel activity; intracellular cGMP-activated cation channel activity;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; membrane; plasma membrane; photoreceptor outer segment; integral component of plasma membrane; photoreceptor outer segment membrane;
Biological process	response to stimulus; regulation of rhodopsin mediated signaling pathway; regulation of membrane potential; ion transport; cation transmembrane transport; transmembrane transport; visual perception; rhodopsin mediated signaling pathway; potassium ion transmembrane transport;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	1259
	12788
	ENSG00000198515
	ENSMUSG00000067220
	P29973
	P29974
	NM_000087; NM_001142564; NM_001379270
	NM_007723
	NP_000078; NP_001136036; NP_001366199; NP_000078.2
	NP_031749
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 1, also known as CNGA1, is a human gene encoding an ion channel protein.^[5] Heterologously expressed CNGA1 can form a functional channel that is permeable to calcium.^[6] In rod photoreceptors, however, CNGA1 forms a heterotetramer with CNGB1 in a 3:1 ratio.^[7]^[8]^[9] The addition of the CNGB1 channel imparts altered properties including more rapid channel kinetics and greater cAMP-activated current.^[10] When light hits rod photoreceptors, cGMP concentrations decrease causing rapid closure of CNGA1/B1 channels and, therefore, hyperpolarization of the membrane potential.

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000198515 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000067220 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Entrez Gene: CNGA1 cyclic nucleotide gated channel alpha 1". Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2016-08-02.
^ Kaupp, U. Benjamin; Niidome, Tetsuhiro; Tanabe, Tsutomu; Terada, Shoichi; Bönigk, Wolfgang; Stühmer, Walter; Cook, Neil J.; Kangawa, Kenji; Matsuo, Hisayuki (December 1989). "Primary structure and functional expression from complementary DNA of the rod photoreceptor cyclic GMP-gated channel". Nature. 342 (6251): 762–766. Bibcode:1989Natur.342..762K. doi:10.1038/342762a0. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-002B-B7A4-3. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 2481236. S2CID 4254661.
^ Zheng, Jie; Trudeau, Matthew C.; Zagotta, William N. (December 2002). "Rod Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels Have a Stoichiometry of Three CNGA1 Subunits and One CNGB1 Subunit". Neuron. 36 (5): 891–896. doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(02)01099-1. ISSN 0896-6273. PMID 12467592. S2CID 15365006.
^ Zhong, Haining; Molday, Laurie L.; Molday, Robert S.; Yau, King-Wai (November 2002). "The heteromeric cyclic nucleotide-gated channel adopts a 3A:1B stoichiometry". Nature. 420 (6912): 193–198. Bibcode:2002Natur.420..193Z. doi:10.1038/nature01201. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 2877395. PMID 12432397.
^ Weitz, Dietmar; Ficek, Nicole; Kremmer, Elisabeth; Bauer, Paul J.; Kaupp, U.Benjamin (December 2002). "Subunit Stoichiometry of the CNG Channel of Rod Photoreceptors". Neuron. 36 (5): 881–889. doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(02)01098-x. ISSN 0896-6273. PMID 12467591. S2CID 17176092.
^ Chen, T.-Y.; Peng, Y.-W.; Dhallan, R. S.; Ahamed, B.; Reed, R. R.; Yau, K.-W. (April 1993). "A new subunit of the cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel in retinal rods". Nature. 362 (6422): 764–767. Bibcode:1993Natur.362..764C. doi:10.1038/362764a0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 7682292. S2CID 4350775.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000198515 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000067220 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[entrez-5] "Entrez Gene: CNGA1 cyclic nucleotide gated channel alpha 1". Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2016-08-02.

[6] Kaupp, U. Benjamin; Niidome, Tetsuhiro; Tanabe, Tsutomu; Terada, Shoichi; Bönigk, Wolfgang; Stühmer, Walter; Cook, Neil J.; Kangawa, Kenji; Matsuo, Hisayuki (December 1989). "Primary structure and functional expression from complementary DNA of the rod photoreceptor cyclic GMP-gated channel". Nature. 342 (6251): 762–766. Bibcode:1989Natur.342..762K. doi:10.1038/342762a0. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-002B-B7A4-3. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 2481236. S2CID 4254661.

[7] Zheng, Jie; Trudeau, Matthew C.; Zagotta, William N. (December 2002). "Rod Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels Have a Stoichiometry of Three CNGA1 Subunits and One CNGB1 Subunit". Neuron. 36 (5): 891–896. doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(02)01099-1. ISSN 0896-6273. PMID 12467592. S2CID 15365006.

[8] Zhong, Haining; Molday, Laurie L.; Molday, Robert S.; Yau, King-Wai (November 2002). "The heteromeric cyclic nucleotide-gated channel adopts a 3A:1B stoichiometry". Nature. 420 (6912): 193–198. Bibcode:2002Natur.420..193Z. doi:10.1038/nature01201. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 2877395. PMID 12432397.

[9] Weitz, Dietmar; Ficek, Nicole; Kremmer, Elisabeth; Bauer, Paul J.; Kaupp, U.Benjamin (December 2002). "Subunit Stoichiometry of the CNG Channel of Rod Photoreceptors". Neuron. 36 (5): 881–889. doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(02)01098-x. ISSN 0896-6273. PMID 12467591. S2CID 17176092.

[10] Chen, T.-Y.; Peng, Y.-W.; Dhallan, R. S.; Ahamed, B.; Reed, R. R.; Yau, K.-W. (April 1993). "A new subunit of the cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel in retinal rods". Nature. 362 (6422): 764–767. Bibcode:1993Natur.362..764C. doi:10.1038/362764a0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 7682292. S2CID 4350775.

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