Cyclin-dependent kinase 2, also known as cell division protein kinase 2, or Cdk2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CDK2 gene.[5][6] The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family of Ser/Thr protein kinases. This protein kinase is highly similar to the gene products of S. cerevisiae cdc28, and S. pombe cdc2, also known as Cdk1 in humans. It is a catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent kinase complex, whose activity is restricted to the G1-S phase of the cell cycle, where cells make proteins necessary for mitosis and replicate their DNA. This protein associates with and is regulated by the regulatory subunits of the complex including cyclin E or A. Cyclin E binds G1 phase Cdk2, which is required for the transition from G1 to S phase while binding with Cyclin A is required to progress through the S phase.[7] Its activity is also regulated by phosphorylation. Multiple alternatively spliced variants and multiple transcription initiation sites of this gene have been reported.[8] The role of this protein in G1-S transition has been recently questioned as cells lacking Cdk2 are reported to have no problem during this transition.[9]
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000123374 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000025358 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Tsai LH, Harlow E, Meyerson M (September 1991). "Isolation of the human cdk2 gene that encodes the cyclin A- and adenovirus E1A-associated p33 kinase". Nature. 353 (6340): 174–7. Bibcode:1991Natur.353..174T. doi:10.1038/353174a0. PMID 1653904. S2CID 4358953.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: CDK2 cyclin-dependent kinase 2".
- ^ Echalier A, Endicott JA, Noble ME (March 2010). "Recent developments in cyclin-dependent kinase biochemical and structural studies". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics. 1804 (3): 511–9. doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2009.10.002. PMID 19822225.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: CDK2 cyclin-dependent kinase 2".
- ^ Berthet C, Aleem E, Coppola V, Tessarollo L, Kaldis P (October 2003). "Cdk2 knockout mice are viable". Current Biology. 13 (20): 1775–85. Bibcode:2003CBio...13.1775B. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2003.09.024. PMID 14561402. S2CID 14320937.