Cyclohexane

Not to be confused with Benzene.
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
3D structure of a cyclohexane molecule
3D structure of a cyclohexane molecule
Skeletal formula of cyclohexane in its chair conformation
Skeletal formula of cyclohexane in its chair conformation
Ball-and-stick model of cyclohexane in its chair conformation
Ball-and-stick model of cyclohexane in its chair conformation
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Cyclohexane[2]
Other names
Hexanaphthene (archaic)[1]
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
3DMet
1900225
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.461 Edit this at Wikidata
1662
KEGG
RTECS number
  • GU6300000
UNII
UN number 1145
  • InChI=1S/C6H12/c1-2-4-6-5-3-1/h1-6H2 checkY
    Key: XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C6H12/c1-2-4-6-5-3-1/h1-6H2
    Key: XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYAZ
  • C1CCCCC1
Properties
C6H12
Molar mass 84.162 g·mol−1
Appearance Colourless liquid
Odor Sweet, gasoline-like
Density 0.7739 g/ml (liquid); 0.996 g/ml (solid)
Melting point 6.47 °C (43.65 °F; 279.62 K)
Boiling point 80.74 °C (177.33 °F; 353.89 K)
Immiscible
Solubility Soluble in ether, alcohol, acetone
Vapor pressure 78 mmHg (20 °C)[3]
−68.13·10−6 cm3/mol
1.42662
Viscosity 1.02 cP at 17 °C
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS02: Flammable GHS08: Health hazard GHS07: Exclamation mark GHS09: Environmental hazard
Danger
H225, H304, H315, H336
P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P273, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P312, P321, P331, P332+P313, P362, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
3
0
Flash point −20 °C (−4 °F; 253 K)
245 °C (473 °F; 518 K)
Explosive limits 1.3–8%[3]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
12705 mg/kg (rat, oral)
813 mg/kg (mouse, oral)[4]
17,142 ppm (mouse, 2 h)
26,600 ppm (rabbit, 1 h)[4]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3)[3]
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3)[3]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 1300 ppm[3]
Thermochemistry
−156 kJ/mol
−3920 kJ/mol
Related compounds
Related cycloalkanes
 Cyclopentane
Cycloheptane
Related compounds
 Cyclohexene
Benzene
Supplementary data page
Cyclohexane (data page)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Cyclohexane is a cycloalkane with the molecular formula C6H12. Cyclohexane is non-polar. Cyclohexane is a colourless, flammable liquid with a distinctive detergent-like odor, reminiscent of cleaning products (in which it is sometimes used). Cyclohexane is mainly used for the industrial production of adipic acid and caprolactam, which are precursors to nylon.[5]

Cyclohexyl (C6H11) is the alkyl substituent of cyclohexane and is abbreviated Cy.[6]

  1. ^ "Hexanaphthene". dictionary.com. Archived from the original on 2018-02-12.
  2. ^ "Front Matter". Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. pp. P001–P004. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4.
  3. ^ a b c d e NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0163". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  4. ^ a b "Cyclohexane". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  5. ^ Campbell, M. Larry (2011). "Cyclohexane". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. doi:10.1002/14356007.a08_209.pub2. ISBN 978-3527306732.
  6. ^ "Standard Abbreviations and Acronyms" (PDF). The Journal of Organic Chemistry. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 Aug 2018.