Cysteamine

Not to be confused with cystamine.

Cysteamine
INN: mercaptamine
Skeletal formula (top)
Ball-and-stick model of the cysteamine
Clinical data
Trade namesCystagon, Procysbi, Cystaran, others
Other names2-Aminoethanethiol, β-Mercaptoethylamine, 2-Mercaptoethylamine, decarboxycysteine, thioethanolamine, mercaptamine bitartrate, cysteamine (USAN US)
AHFS/Drugs.comMicromedex Detailed Consumer Information
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B3
Routes of
administration		By mouth, eye drops
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
  • 2-Aminoethane-1-thiol
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
PDB ligand
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.000.421 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC2H7NS
Molar mass77.15 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point95 to 97 °C (203 to 207 °F)
  • C(CS)N
  • InChI=1S/C2H7NS/c3-1-2-4/h4H,1-3H2 checkY
  • Key:UFULAYFCSOUIOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Cysteamine is an organosulfur compound with the formula HSCH2CH2NH2. A white, water-soluble solid, it contains both an amine and a thiol functional groups. It is often used as salts of the ammonium derivative [HSCH2CH2NH3]+[12] including the hydrochloride, phosphocysteamine, and the bitartrate.[13]The intermediate pantetheine is broken down into cysteamine and pantothenic acid.[13]

It is biosynthesized in mammals, including humans, by the degradation of coenzyme A. It is the biosynthetic precursor to the neurotransmitter hypotaurine.[14][13]

  1. ^ "Cystadrops : Cysteamine Ophthalmic Solution" (PDF). Pdf.hres.ca. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 June 2022. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
  2. ^ "Genetic disorders". Health Canada. 9 May 2018. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
  3. ^ "Cystagon 150 mg hard capsules - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". Medicines.org.uk. 19 June 2019. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
  4. ^ "Cystadrops 3.8 mg/mL eye drops solution - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 19 June 2019. Archived from the original on 9 June 2020. Retrieved 9 June 2020.
  5. ^ "Procysbi 25 mg gastro-resistant hard capsules - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". Medicines.org.uk. 17 September 2019. Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 9 June 2020.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference USlabelCapsules was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference USlabelEye was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference USlabelExtcapsules was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference =Procysbi EPAR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference Cystagon EPAR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference Cystadrops EPAR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ Reid EE (1958). Organic Chemistry of Bivalent Sulfur. Vol. 1. New York: Chemical Publishing Company, Inc. pp. 398–399.
  13. ^ a b c Besouw M, Masereeuw R, van den Heuvel L, Levtchenko E (August 2013). "Cysteamine: an old drug with new potential". Drug Discovery Today. 18 (15–16): 785–792. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2013.02.003. PMID 23416144.
  14. ^ Singer TP (1975). "Oxidative Metabolism of Cysteine and Cystine". In Greenberg DM (ed.). Metabolic pathways: Metabolism of sulfur compounds. Vol. 7 (3rd ed.). New York: Academic Press. p. 545. ISBN 9780323162081. Archived from the original on 7 June 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2017.