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Data diplomacy can be defined in two different ways: use of data as a means and tool to conduct national diplomacy,[1] or the use of diplomatic actions and skills of various stakeholders to enable and facilitate data access, understanding, and use.[2] Data can help and influence many aspects of the diplomatic process, such as information gathering, negotiations, consular services, humanitarian response and foreign policy development.[3] The second kind of data diplomacy challenges traditional models of diplomacy and can be conducted without tracks and diplomats. Drivers of change in diplomacy are also emerging from industry, academia and directly from the public.[2]
In recent years[when?], as more governments have realized the value and capabilities of data, the influence and application of digital diplomacy have expanded gradually and become a new kind of soft diplomatic power.