David Levy Yulee | |
|---|---|
 Yulee (c. 1855–1865) | |
| United States Senator from Florida | |
| In office March 4, 1855 – January 21, 1861 | |
| Preceded by | Jackson Morton |
| Succeeded by | Thomas W. Osborn (in 1868) |
| In office July 1, 1845 – March 3, 1851 | |
| Preceded by | Seat established |
| Succeeded by | Stephen Mallory |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Florida Territory's at-large district | |
| In office March 4, 1841 – March 3, 1845 Delegate | |
| Preceded by | Charles Downing |
| Succeeded by | Edward Cabell (Representative) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | David Levy June 12, 1810 Charlotte Amalie, Danish West Indies (now U.S. Virgin Islands) |
| Died | October 10, 1886 (aged 76) New York City, New York, U.S. |
| Resting place | Oak Hill Cemetery Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse | Nancy Wickliffe |
| Relatives | Charles A. Wickliffe (father-in-law) |
David Levy Yulee (born David Levy; June 12, 1810 – October 10, 1886) was an American politician and attorney who served as the senator from Florida immediately before the American Civil War. A secessionist and slaveowner, he also founded the Florida Railroad Company and served as president of several other rail companies, earning him the nickname of "Father of Florida Railroads."[1]
Yulee was born on the island of St. Thomas, then under British control, to a Sephardic Jewish family; his father was a trader from Morocco and his mother, also of Sephardi descent, was born in Sint Eustatius and raised in St. Thomas.[2] The family moved to Florida when he was a child. He later served as Florida's territorial delegate to Congress.
Yulee was the first person of Jewish ancestry elected to the United States House of Representatives as well as the first elected to the United States Senate. He added Yulee, the name of a Moroccan ancestor, to his name soon after his 1846 marriage to Nancy Christian Wickliffe, daughter of ex-Governor Charles A. Wickliffe of Kentucky. Though Yulee converted to Christianity,[3] became an Episcopalian,[4]: 187 and raised his children as Christian,[5] he encountered antisemitism throughout his career.[6]
Yulee was in favor of slavery and the secession of Florida. His fortune came from a sugarcane plantation on the Homosassa River, and his antebellum railroads were largely built by slave labor. After the Civil War, he was imprisoned at Fort Pulaski for nine months for aiding the escape of Confederate President Jefferson Davis.[7] After being pardoned by President Andrew Johnson, he returned to his Florida railroad interests and other business ventures.[8] In 2000 he was recognized as a "Great Floridian" by the state.
- ^ "Jewish Virtual Library: David Levy Yulee". Retrieved 2009-05-15.
- ^ Kurt F. Stone, The Jews of Capitol Hill: A Compendium of Jewish Congressional Members, 2010, page 4
- ^ Garraty, John Arthur; Carnes, Mark Christopher (1999). American National Biography. Vol. 24. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. p. 201. ISBN 9780195206357.
- ^ Allman, T.D. (2013). Finding Florida. The True History of the Sunshine State. Atlantic Monthly Press. ISBN 9780802120762.
- ^ Edenfield, Gray (June 17, 2014). "David Yulee's History". From the Jailhouse. Fernandina Beach, FL: Amelia Island Museum of History.
- ^ McIver, Stuart B. (2008). Touched by the Sun. Vol. 3. Sarasota, FL: Pineapple Press. p. 168. ISBN 978-1-56164-206-9.
- ^ Federal Writers' Project (1939), Florida. A Guide to the Southernmost State, New York: Oxford University Press, p. 348, retrieved October 29, 2017
- ^ David Levy Yulee Jewish Virtual Library