David Ruggles

The Disappointed Abolitionists (1838) by artist Edward Williams Clay and lithographer Henry R. Robinson, cartoon of Ruggles (center), with Isaac T. Hopper on his left and Barney Corse on his right, confronting John P. Darg in 1838

David Ruggles (March 15, 1810 – December 16, 1849) was an African-American abolitionist in New York who resisted slavery by his participation in a Committee of Vigilance, which worked on the Underground Railroad to help fugitive slaves reach free states. He was a printer in New York City during the 1830s, who also wrote numerous articles, and "was the prototype for black activist journalists of his time."[1] He claimed to have led more than 600 fugitive slaves to freedom in the North, including Frederick Douglass, who became a friend and fellow activist. Ruggles opened the first African-American bookstore in 1834.[2][3][4]

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference Hodges2000 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ "David Ruggles". David Ruggles Center for History and Education. Archived from the original on 2017-10-27. Retrieved 2021-05-23.
  3. ^ Highland, Kristen Doyle. "In the Bookstore: The Houses of Appleton and Book Cultures in Antebellum New York City." Book History 19 (2016): 221. doi:10.1353/bh.2016.0006.
  4. ^ Porter, Dorothy B. (January 1943). "David Ruggles: An Apostle of Human Rights". Journal of Negro History. Association for the Study of African American Life and History. 28 (1): 28. doi:10.2307/2714783. JSTOR 2714783. S2CID 150135247.