Decapping complex

The chemical structure of the 5’ capped mRNA, with labeled portions that indicate where several key structures involved with decapping mRNA are.

The mRNA decapping complex is a protein complex in eukaryotic cells responsible for removal of the 5' cap.[1] The active enzyme of the decapping complex is the bilobed Nudix family enzyme Dcp2, which hydrolyzes 5' cap and releases 7mGDP and a 5'-monophosphorylated mRNA.[1] This decapped mRNA is inhibited for translation and will be degraded by exonucleases.[2] The core decapping complex is conserved in eukaryotes. Dcp2 is activated by Decapping Protein 1 (Dcp1) and in higher eukaryotes joined by the scaffold protein VCS.[3] Together with many other accessory proteins, the decapping complex assembles in P-bodies in the cytoplasm.

  1. ^ a b Mugridge, Jeffrey S; Ziemniak, Marcin; Jemielity, Jacek; Gross, John D (November 2016). "Structural basis of mRNA cap recognition by Dcp1–Dcp2". Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. 23 (11): 987–994. doi:10.1038/nsmb.3301. ISSN 1545-9993. PMC 5113729. PMID 27694842.
  2. ^ Chantarachot T, Bailey-Serres J (January 2018). "Polysomes, Stress Granules, and Processing Bodies: A Dynamic Triumvirate Controlling Cytoplasmic mRNA Fate and Function". Plant Physiology. 176 (1): 254–269. doi:10.1104/pp.17.01468. PMC 5761823. PMID 29158329.
  3. ^ Sieburth LE, Vincent JN (2018-12-17). "Beyond transcription factors: roles of mRNA decay in regulating gene expression in plants". F1000Research. 7: 1940. doi:10.12688/f1000research.16203.1. PMC 6305221. PMID 30613385.