| Delta Atracotoxin | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 3D stick model of delta-atracotoxin-Ar1 (robustoxin) | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | Atracotoxin | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF05353 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR008017 | ||||||||
| SCOP2 | 1qdp / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
| OPM superfamily | 112 | ||||||||
| OPM protein | 1vtx | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Delta atracotoxin (δ-ACTX-Ar1, robustoxin, or robustotoxin) is a low-molecular-weight neurotoxic polypeptide found in the venom of the Sydney funnel-web spider (Atrax robustus).
Delta atracotoxin produces potentially fatal neurotoxic symptoms in primates, by slowing the inactivation of sodium ion channels in autonomic and motor neurons. In the spiders' intended insect prey, the toxin exerts this same activity upon potassium and calcium ion channels.[1]
The structure of atracotoxin comprises a core beta region with a cystine knot motif, a feature seen in other neurotoxic polypeptides.[1][2]
- ^ a b Fletcher JI, Chapman BE, Mackay JP, Howden ME, King GF (November 1997). "The structure of versutoxin (delta-atracotoxin-Hv1) provides insights into the binding of site 3 neurotoxins to the voltage-gated sodium channel". Structure. 5 (11): 1525–35. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(97)00301-8. PMID 9384567.
- ^ Pallaghy PK, Alewood D, Alewood PF, Norton RS (December 1997). "Solution structure of robustoxin, the lethal neurotoxin from the funnel-web spider Atrax robustus". FEBS Letters. 419 (2–3): 191–6. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(97)01452-X. PMID 9428632.