Demographics of the European Union

See also: Demographics of Europe

Demographics of the European Union
Map showing the population density by NUTS3 region, 2017, including non-EU countries
Population449,206,579 (2024)[1]
Growth rate0.43% (2023)[1]
Birth rate8.7 births per 1,000 (2022)[2]
Death rate11.5 deaths per 1,000 (2022)[3]
Life expectancy81.5 (2023)[4]
 • male77.9 years (2022)[4]
 • female83.3 years (2022)[4]
Fertility rate1.46 children per woman (2022)
Infant mortality rate3.3 deaths per 1,000 live births (2022)[5]
Language
OfficialSee languages of the European Union
SpokenMost spoken L1: German: 20% (2020)

Most spoken L2: English L2: 43% (2017)[6][7]

[8]
The population density of the EU is 106 people per km2. N.B. the light in the North Sea is from oil platforms.
A cartogram depicting the population distribution between old EU-27 member states in 2008 (including the UK and excluding Croatia). 57.8% of all citizens of the EU live in the four largest member states: Germany, France, Italy, and Spain.
The fertility rate in the EU was 1.46 in 2022 (Kindergarten in France).

The demographics of the European Union show a highly populated, culturally diverse union of 27 member states. As of 1 January 2024, the population of the EU is around 449 million people.[1]

  1. ^ a b c "Population on 1 January". Eurostat. Retrieved 27 March 2024.
  2. ^ "Live births and crude birth rate". Eurostat.
  3. ^ "Deaths and crude death rate". Eurostat.
  4. ^ a b c "Life expectancy at birth by sex". Eurostat.
  5. ^ "Infant Mortality rate". Eurostat.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference Wiley was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ "Despite Brexit, English Remains The EU's Most Spoken Language By Far". Forbes.
  8. ^ "Eurobarometer" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 January 2016.