World War I steel-hulled cargo ship design
The Design 1020 ship (full name Emergency Fleet Corporation Design 1020 ) was a steel -hulled cargo ship design approved for mass production by the United States Shipping Board ' s Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFT) in World War I .
They were referred to as the "Laker"-type. Production was spread out over ten shipyards, the majority of which were owned by American Ship Building Company
American Ship Building Company (21 ships), 10 at their Cleveland, Ohio shipyard[ 2] and 11 at their Lorain, Ohio shipyard;[ 3]
Superior Shipbuilding Company (ASBC) (6 ships) at their Superior, Wisconsin shipyard;[ 4]
Buffalo Shipbuilding Company (ASBC) (5 ships) at their Buffalo, New York shipyard;[ 5]
Chicago Shipbuilding Company (ASBC) (9 ships) at their Chicago, Illinois shipyard;[ 6]
Detroit Shipbuilding Company (ASBC) (15 ships) at their Wyandotte, Michigan shipyard;[ 7]
Globe Shipbuilding Company (6 ships) at their Superior, Wisconsin shipyard;[ 8]
McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Company (10 ships) at their Duluth, Minnesota shipyard;[ 9]
Saginaw Shipbuilding Company (12 ships) at their Saginaw, Michigan shipyard;[ 10] and
Toledo Shipbuilding Company (8 ships) at their Toledo, Ohio shipyard.[ 11]
92 ships were completed for the USSB in 1918 and 1919. Engines were coal-fueled triple expansion engines.
^ Colton, Tim (15 August 2015). "Globe Iron Works, Cleveland OH (later AmShip Cleveland)" . shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 4 April 2021 .
^ Colton, Tim (August 25, 2015). "American Shipbuilding Lorain, Lorain OH (formerly Cleveland Shipbuilding [1886-1897 in Cleveland, 1897-1900 in Lorain])" . shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 4 April 2021 .
^ Colton, Tim (19 August 2015). "American Steel Barge, Superior WI (Later Superior Shipbuilding and AmShip Superior)" . shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 4 April 2021 .
^ Colton, Tim (17 August 2015). "Buffalo Dry Dock, Buffalo NY (formerly Bidwell & Banta [1808-1870], Union Dry Dock Co. [1871-1899], later AmShip Buffalo [1914-1962])" . shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 4 April 2021 .
^ Colton, Tim (August 17, 2015). "Chicago Shipbuilding, Chicago IL (later AmShip Chicago)" . Shipbuilding History. Retrieved 4 April 2021 .
^ Colton, Tim (19 August 2015). "Detroit Shipbuilding, Detroit MI and Wyandotte MI (formerly Campbell, Wolverton & Co. [1852-1862], Campbell & Owen [1862-1874], Wyandotte Shipbuilding [1872-1898] and Detroit Dry Dock [1874-1899], later AmShip Detroit [1913-1929])" . shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 4 April 2021 .
^ Colton, Tim (28 August 2019). "Globe Shipbuilding (WWII), Superior WI" . shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 4 April 2021 .
^ Colton, Tim (6 July 2013). "Walter Butler Shipbuilders, Duluth MN (formerly McDougall-Duluth Company and Barnes-Duluth Shipbuilding)" . shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 4 April 2021 .
^ Colton, Tim (9 March 2016). "Saginaw Shipbuilding, Saginaw MI" . shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 4 April 2021 .
^ Colton, Tim (20 August 2015). "Craig Shipbuilding, Toledo OH (Linn & Craig [1869-1882], J. Craig & Sons [1883-1889], Blythe Craig Shipbuilding [1890-1893], Craig Shipbuilding [1893-1905], Toledo Shipbuilding [1906-1945] and AmShip Toledo [1945-1982])" . shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 4 April 2021 .