A dicentric chromosome is an abnormal chromosome with two centromeres. It is formed through the fusion of two chromosome segments, each with a centromere, resulting in the loss of acentric fragments (lacking a centromere) and the formation of dicentric fragments.[1] The formation of dicentric chromosomes has been attributed to genetic processes, such as Robertsonian translocation[1] and paracentric inversion.[2] Dicentric chromosomes have important roles in the mitotic stability of chromosomes and the formation of pseudodicentric chromosomes.[1][3] Their existence has been linked to certain natural phenomena such as irradiation and have been documented to underlie certain clinical syndromes, notably Kabuki syndrome.[3][4] The formation of dicentric chromosomes and their implications on centromere function are studied in certain clinical cytogenetics laboratories.[5]
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