Dima Yakovlev Law | |
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| |
Citation | 272-ФЗ |
Territorial extent | Russian Federation |
Signed by | President Vladimir Putin |
Signed | 28 December 2012 |
Effective | 1 January 2013 |
Legislative history | |
Introduced | 29 December 2012 |
First reading | 21 December 2012 (State Duma) |
Second reading | 27 December 2012 (Federation Council) |
Status: In force |
Federal Law of 28 December 2012 No. 272-FZ "On Sanctions for Individuals Violating Fundamental Human Rights and Freedoms of the Citizens of the Russian Federation",[1][2] popularly known as the Dima Yakovlev Law (Russian: Закон Димы Яковлева),[3][a] is a law in Russia that defines sanctions against U.S. citizens involved in "violations of the human rights and freedoms of Russian citizens". It creates a list of citizens who are banned from entering Russia, and also allows the government to freeze their assets and investments. The law suspends the activity of politically active non-profit organisations which receive money from American citizens or organisations.[2] It also bans citizens of the United States from adopting children from Russia.[6]
The law was signed by Russian President Vladimir Putin on 28 December 2012 and took effect on 1 January 2013.[citation needed] The law is informally named after a Russian orphan adopted by a family from Purcellville, Virginia, who died of heat stroke after being left in a parked car for nine hours.[3] The law is described as a response to the Magnitsky Act in the United States, which places sanctions on Russian officials who were involved in a tax scandal exposed by Russian lawyer Sergei Magnitsky; Magnitsky was alleged to have been handcuffed and tortured while in jail, supported by the official post-mortem expert opinion of the Russian Forensic Medical Examination Center of the Russian Ministry of Health.[7]
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The injuries which S. L. Magnitsky had were caused resultantly from the traumatic application of the blunt hard object (objects) which is confirmed by the closed type of the trauma and their morphological manifestations in the form of the abrasions, ecchymomas, blood effusions into the soft tissues.
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