Dominicans

This article is about the Hispanic ethnic group native to the Dominican Republic. For the inhabitants of Dominica, see Demographics of Dominica. For a member of the Catholic Dominican Order, see Dominican Order. For other uses, see Dominican.
Dominicans
Dominicanos
Map of the Dominican people around the world
Total population
~ 14.5 million
Diaspora ~ 3 million
Regions with significant populations
 Dominican Republic11,427,557[1]
 United States2,393,718 (2021)[2][3]
 Spain190,190 (2021 census)[4][5]
 Puerto Rico54,025 (2021)[6][7]
 Italy48,000[7]
 Canada23,130[8]
 Chile19,481 (2021)[9]
 Venezuela14,743 (2015)[10]
  Switzerland11,154[11]
 Germany11,091 (2015)[10]
 United Kingdom10,000[12][failed verification]
 Netherlands8,688 (2015)[10]
 Panama8,095 (2015)[10]
 Curaçao7,000[7]
 Aruba5,000[7]
 U.S. Virgin Islands5,442[13][7]
 Sint Maarten4,000[7]
 France3,843 (2019)[14]
 Belgium3,000[7]
 Mexico2,849 (2020)[15]
 Austria2,942[16]
 Turks and Caicos Islands2,000[7]
 British Virgin Islands2,000[7]
 Antigua and Barbuda2,000[7]
 Haiti2,000[7]
Languages
Dominican Spanish
Religion
Predominantly Roman Catholic;[17]
Protestant
Related ethnic groups
Spaniards, other Caribbean people

Dominicans (Spanish: Dominicanos) are an ethno-national people, a people of shared ancestry and culture, who have ancestral roots in the Dominican Republic.[18][19]

The Dominican ethnic group was born out of a fusion of European (mainly Spanish), native Taino, and African elements, this is a fusion that goes as far back as the 1500s.[18][20] Due to this fusion, all Dominicans are of mixed-race heritage,[21][22] tracing roots mainly to these three sources, the vast majority being evenly mixed,[23] and smaller numbers being predominantly European or African.[24] The demonym Dominican is derived from Santo Domingo (Spanish equivalent Saint Dominic) and directly inherited from the name of the Captaincy General of Santo Domingo, which was synonymous with the island of Hispaniola as a whole and centered in the city of Santo Domingo, the capital of modern Dominican Republic.[25][26] Recent immigrants and their children, who are legal citizens of the Dominican Republic, can be considered "Dominican" by nationality but not ethnicity due to not having ancestral roots in the country.

"Dominican" was historically the name for the inhabitants of the Captaincy General of Santo Domingo, the site of the first Spanish settlement in the Western Hemisphere. Majority of Dominicans primarily trace their origin to the Captaincy General's European settlers, with native Taino and African influences.[27]

The majority of Dominicans reside in the Dominican Republic, while there is also a large Dominican diaspora, mainly in the United States and Spain. The total population of the Dominican Republic in 2016 was estimated by the National Bureau of Statistics of the Dominican Republic at 10.2 million, with 9.3 million of those being natives of the country, and the rest being of foreign origin.[28]

  1. ^ "Worldometer Domican Republic population based on 2024 UN Data".
  2. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov.
  3. ^ US Census Bureau. "Hispanic or Latino Origin by Specific Origin".
  4. ^ "Población por comunidades y provincias, país de nacimiento, edad (Grupos quinquenales) y sexo". Archived from the original on 2021-01-30. Retrieved 2020-07-01.
  5. ^ "El Nuevo Diario - Los dominicanos en el exterior".[permanent dead link]
  6. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "International Migrant Stock 2020 (Destination and origin)" (XLSX). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. 2021-01-15. Tab "Table 1"; Column F (origin) "Dominican Republic"; Column B (destinations); Data for 2020 is in Column N. Archived from the original on 2021-11-18. Retrieved 2021-11-23.
    • The web page which contains link to this file: "International Migrant Stock 2020". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 2021-11-23.
  8. ^ "Ethnic Origin, both sexes, age (total), Canada, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data". Canada 2016 Census. Statistics Canada. 2019-02-20. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  9. ^ "Estimaciones de extranjeros". Extranjeria. Retrieved 2023-07-09.
  10. ^ a b c d "The Dominican Republic's migration landscape" (PDF). www.oecd-ilibrary.org. 2017. Retrieved 2020-11-10.
  11. ^ "República Dominicana - Emigrantes totales 2017". Archived from the original on 2019-04-07. Retrieved 2019-04-07.
  12. ^ "Otros Servicios - Embassy of the Dominican Republic". 22 August 2016.
  13. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov.
  14. ^ "República Dominicana - Emigrantes totales". expansion.com/ Datosmacro.com.
  15. ^ "Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020". INEGI (in Spanish).
  16. ^ AUSTRIA, STATISTIK. "Bevölkerungsstruktur". www.statistik.at. Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2017-07-16.
  17. ^ "Central America :: Dominican Republic — The World Factbook". Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
  18. ^ a b Montinaro, Francesco; et al. (24 March 2015). "Unravelling the hidden ancestry of American admixed populations". Nature Communications. 6. See Supplementary Data. Bibcode:2015NatCo...6.6596M. doi:10.1038/ncomms7596. PMC 4374169. PMID 25803618.
  19. ^ Turits, Richard (2005-10-14). "Race beyond the Plantation: Slavery and Freedom in Colonial Santo Domingo" (PDF). agrarianstudies.macmillan.yale.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-30.
  20. ^ "Search results Dominican Republic". UNHCR Refworld Global Law & Policy Database. Retrieved 2024-05-30.
  21. ^ Cite error: The named reference ancestry was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  22. ^ "Dominicans are 49% Black, 39% White and 4% Indian".
  23. ^ Breve Encuesta Nacional de Autopercepción Racial y Étnica en la República Dominicana. Santo Domingo: Oficina Nacional de Estadística de la República Dominicana. 2022.
  24. ^ "Differences in Labels between the United States and the Dominican Republic". 2022-11-05. Archived from the original on 2022-05-23.
  25. ^ Balcácer, Juan Daniel (September 8, 2012). "Acerca del gentilicio de los dominicanos". Diario Libre.
  26. ^ Silverio, Marian. "El gentilicio dominicano - litteranova.com". litteranova.com.
  27. ^ Esteva Fabregat, Claudio «La hispanización del mestizaje cultural en América» Revista Complutense de Historia de América, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. p. 133 (1981)
  28. ^ Segunda Encuesta Nacional de Inmigrantes en la República Dominicana [ENI-2017] - Versión resumida del Informe General [Second National Survey of Immigrants in the Dominican Republic [ENI-2017] - Summary version of the General Report] (PDF) (Report) (in Spanish). Santo Domingo: Oficina Nacional de Estadística. June 2017. p. 48. ISBN 978-9945-015-17-1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-06-04. Retrieved 2020-06-04.