EMD 645

EMD 645
An EMD 12-645E3 turbocharged engine, installed in an Iarnród Eireann 071 class locomotive
Overview
ManufacturerElectro-Motive Division of General Motors
Also calledE-Engine and F-Engine
Production1965–1983; limited runs through the 1990s
Layout
Configuration45° Vee in V6, V8, V12, V16, or V20
Displacement3,870 to 12,900 cu in
(63.4 to 211.4 L)
645 cu in (10.6 L) per cylinder
Cylinder bore9+116 in (230 mm)
Piston stroke10 in (254 mm)
Cylinder block materialflat, formed and rolled structural steel members, and steel forgings, integrated into a weldment
Cylinder head materialcast iron, one per cylinder
ValvetrainIntake ports in each cylinder liner, 4 exhaust valves in each cylinder head
Compression ratio14.5:1
RPM range
Idle speed200
Max. engine speed950
Combustion
SuperchargerOne or two Roots-type blower
TurbochargerSingle, clutch driven
Fuel systemUnit Injector
ManagementMechanical (Woodward governor)
Fuel typeDiesel
Oil systemForced lubrication system, Wet sump
Cooling systemLiquid cooled
Output
Power output750 to 4,200 hp
(560 to 3,130 kW)
Chronology
PredecessorEMD 567
SuccessorEMD 710

The EMD 645 is a family of two-stroke diesel engines that was designed and manufactured by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors. While the 645 series was intended primarily for locomotive, marine and stationary engine use, one 16-cylinder version powered the 33-19 "Titan" prototype haul truck designed by GM's Terex division

The 645 series was an evolution of the earlier 567 series and a precursor to the later 710 series. First introduced in 1965, the EMD 645 series remained in production on a by-request basis long after it was replaced by the 710, and most 645 service parts are still in production. The EMD 645 engine series is currently supported by Electro-Motive Diesel, Inc., which purchased the assets of the Electro-Motive Division from General Motors in 2005.

In 1951, E. W. Kettering wrote a paper for the ASME entitled, History and Development of the 567 Series General Motors Locomotive Engine,[1] which goes into great detail about the technical obstacles that were encountered during the development of the 567 engine. These same considerations apply to the 645 and 710, as these engines were a logical extension of the 567C, by applying a cylinder bore increase, 645, and a cylinder bore increase and a stroke increase, 710, to achieve a greater power output, without changing the external size of the engines, or their weight, thereby achieving significant improvements in horsepower per unit volume and horsepower per unit weight.

Due to emissions restrictions these engines have been gradually phased out for the 4 stroke alternatives.

  1. ^ Kettering, E.W. (November 29, 1951). History and Development of the 567 Series General Motors Locomotive Engine. ASME 1951 Annual Meeting. Atlantic City, New Jersey: Electro-Motive Division, General Motors Corporation.