Economy of Tajikistan

Economy of Tajikistan
Dushanbe
CurrencySomoni (ISO code: TJS
abbreviation: SM)
calendar year
Trade organisations
IMF, World Bank, CIS, SCO, WTO, CISFTA
Country group
Statistics
GDP
  • Increase $11.816 billion (nominal, 2023 est.)[3]
  • Increase $53.679 billion (PPP, 2023 est.)[3]
GDP rank
GDP growth
  • 7.6% (2018) 7.4% (2019)
  • 4.4% (2020) 9.4% (2021)[4]
GDP per capita
  • Increase $1,180 (nominal, 2023 est.)[3]
  • Increase $5,361 (PPP, 2023 est.)[3]
GDP per capita rank
GDP by sector
agriculture: 23.3%, industry: 22.8%, services: 53.9% (2012 est.)
7.1% (2020 est.)[3]
Population below poverty line
  • Positive decrease 27.4% (2018)[5]
  • Negative increase 2.7% on less than $1.90/day (2020f)[6]
34.0 medium (2015)[7]
Labour force
Steady2.1 million (2012)
Labour force by occupation
agriculture: 47.9%, industry: 10.9%, services: 41.2% (2012 est.)
UnemploymentIncrease2.5% (2012 est.)
Main industries
aluminium, cement, vegetable oil
External
ExportsIncrease$1.753 billion (2022 est.)[10]
Export goods
aluminium, electricity, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles
Main export partners
ImportsIncrease$5.182 billion (2022 est.)[12]
Import goods
petroleum products, aluminium oxide, machinery and equipment, foodstuffs
Main import partners
Public finances
DecreaseUS$2.2 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
RevenuesUS$2.046 billion (2012 est.)
ExpensesUS$2.066 billion (2012 est.)
Economic aidrecipient: US$67 million from US (2005)
All values, unless otherwise stated, are in US dollars.

The economy of Tajikistan is dependent upon agriculture and services.[14] Since independence, Tajikistan has gradually followed the path of transition economy, reforming its economic policies. With foreign revenue precariously dependent upon exports of cotton and aluminium, the economy is highly vulnerable to external shocks. Tajikistan's economy also incorporates a massive black market, primarily focused on the drug trade with Afghanistan. Heroin trafficking in Tajikistan is estimated to be equivalent to 30-50% of national GDP as of 2012.[15]

In the fiscal year (FY) 2000, international assistance remained an essential source of support for rehabilitation programs that reintegrated former combatants of the Tajikistani Civil War into the civilian economy, thus helping maintain the peace. International assistance also was necessary to address the second year of severe drought that resulted in a continued shortfall of food production. Tajikistan's economy grew substantially after the war. The gross domestic product (GDP) of Tajikistan expanded at an average rate of 9.6% over the period of 2000-2007 according to the World Bank data. This improved Tajikistan's position among other Central Asian countries (namely Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan), which have degraded economically ever since.[16] As of August 2009, an estimated 60% of Tajikistani citizens live below the poverty line.[17] The 2008 global financial crisis has hit Tajikistan hard, both domestically and internationally. Tajikistan has been hit harder than many countries because it already has a high poverty rate and because many of its citizens depend on remittances from expatriate Tajikistanis.

  1. ^ "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2019". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Archived from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
  2. ^ "World Bank Country and Lending Groups". datahelpdesk.worldbank.org. World Bank. Archived from the original on 28 October 2019. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
  3. ^ a b c d e "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  4. ^ "Global Economic Prospects, June 2020". openknowledge.worldbank.org. World Bank. p. 80. Archived from the original on 10 June 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  5. ^ "Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) - Tajikistan". data.worldbank.org. World Bank. Archived from the original on 21 March 2020. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
  6. ^ "Europe Central Asia Economic Update, Spring 2020 : Fighting COVID-19". openknowledge.worldbank.org. World Bank: 73, 74. 9 April 2020. Archived from the original on 28 December 2020. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
  7. ^ "GINI index (World Bank estimate) - Tajikistan". data.worldbank.org. World Bank. Archived from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
  8. ^ "Human Development Index (HDI)". hdr.undp.org. HDRO (Human Development Report Office) United Nations Development Programme. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
  9. ^ "Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)". hdr.undp.org. HDRO (Human Development Report Office) United Nations Development Programme. Retrieved 11 December 2022.
  10. ^ "Exports of goods and services (BoP, current US$)". World Bank Open Data. Retrieved 2023-08-20.
  11. ^ "Export Partners of Tajikistan". The Observatory of Economic Complexity. 2021. Retrieved 2023-04-06.
  12. ^ "International Trade Statistics". International Trade Centre. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  13. ^ "Import Partners of Tajikistan". The Observatory of Economic Complexity. 2021. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  14. ^ "Tajikistan". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
  15. ^ "Addicted". the Economist. 2012-04-21. Archived from the original on 2016-12-03. Retrieved 2016-10-17.
  16. ^ "BBC's Guide to Central Asia". BBC News. 2005-06-20. Archived from the original on 2006-12-01. Retrieved 2006-11-01.
  17. ^ President attempts to give Tajikistan a cultural makeover Archived 2014-04-13 at the Wayback Machine EurasiaNet