Elaine, Arkansas | |
|---|---|
 Location of Elaine in Phillips County, Arkansas. | |
| Coordinates: 34°18′31″N 90°51′12″W / 34.30861°N 90.85333°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Arkansas |
| County | Phillips |
| Area | |
| • Total | 0.51 sq mi (1.32 km2) |
| • Land | 0.51 sq mi (1.32 km2) |
| • Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 167 ft (51 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| • Total | 509 |
| • Density | 994.14/sq mi (384.19/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 72333 |
| Area code | 870 |
| FIPS code | 05-20950 |
| GNIS feature ID | 2403548[2] |
Elaine is a small town in Phillips County, Arkansas, United States, in the Arkansas Delta region of the Mississippi River. The population was 636 at the 2010 census.
The city is best known as the location of the Elaine massacre of September 30 – October 1, 1919, in which an estimated 237 black people were killed in the rural county by rampaging white mobs.[3][4] Five whites died in the events. This was one of the worst incidents of racial and labor violence in American history. Black sharecroppers were attempting to organize a farmers' union, which the planters resisted.[5][6]
- ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 29, 2021.
- ^ a b U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Elaine, Arkansas
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
encyclopediaofarkansas.netwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Arkansas Assembly 2017
- ^ "US Map of 73 years of lynching", New York Times, February 10, 2015
- ^ Krug, Teresa (August 18, 2019). "A rural town confronts its buried history of mass killings of black Americans". The Guardian. Retrieved August 19, 2019.