Ella Little-Collins

Ella Little-Collins (1914 – 1996, aged 82) was an American civil rights activist and the half-sister of Malcolm X.^[1] She was born in Butler, Georgia, to Earl Little and Daisy Little (née Mason); her paternal grandparents were John (Big Pa) Lee Little and Ella Little (née Gray), and her siblings were Mary Little and Earl Lee Little Jr. She had seven half-siblings from her father's second marriage: Wilfred, Philbert, Hilda, Reginald, Malcolm, Wesley, and Yvonne.^[2] She worked as congressman Adam Clayton Powell's secretary, the manager of her mother's grocery store, and an investor in house property, which she let out as rooming houses.^[1] She joined the Nation of Islam in the mid-1950s and helped establish its mosque in Boston and a day-care center attached to it, although she left the Nation in 1959 to become a Sunni Muslim.^[1][2] She supported black and ethnic studies programs in universities across the United States and founded the Sarah A. Little School of Preparatory Arts in Boston.^[2]

In his autobiography, Malcolm X wrote about the impact his first meeting with his half-sister had on him. She came to visit when he was in seventh grade, and he described her as "the first really proud black woman I had ever seen" and wrote: "I had never been so impressed with anybody."^[3] At the end of the school year, he moved to Roxbury to live with her, and she was his guardian until he turned 21.^[1][2] Her home, the Malcolm X—Ella Little-Collins House, is the last known surviving childhood home of Malcolm X.^[4] Its exterior was designated a Boston Landmark by the Boston Landmarks Commission in 1998,^[5] and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2021.^[6]

When Malcolm X left the Nation of Islam in 1964, Little-Collins paid for him to make the Hajj. She also paid his funeral and business expenses after his assassination, and took over his Organization of Afro-American Unity, including his project of giving 35 scholarships from Al-Azhar University in Cairo, Egypt, and from the University of Ghana to students wishing to study overseas.^[2] In 1986 she merged the Organization of Afro-American Unity with the African American Defense League.^[7]

In 1988, both of Little-Collins' legs were amputated due to gangrene.^[2] She died in 1996 at age 82.^[1]

The Ella Collins Institute at the Islamic Society of Boston Cultural Center is named after her; its goal is "to establish a vibrant community by joining a classical understanding of Islam with modern scholarship and a healthy understanding of the current cultural context."^[8]