Epidermal growth factor receptor

EGFR
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1IVO, 1M14, 1M17, 1MOX, 1NQL, 1XKK, 1YY9, 1Z9I, 2EB2, 2EB3, 2GS2, 2GS6, 2GS7, 2ITN, 2ITO, 2ITP, 2ITQ, 2ITT, 2ITU, 2ITV, 2ITW, 2ITY, 2ITZ, 2J5E, 2J5F, 2J6M, 2JIT, 2JIU, 2JIV, 2KS1, 2M0B, 2M20, 2RF9, 2RFD, 2RFE, 2RGP, 3B2U, 3B2V, 3BEL, 3BUO, 3C09, 3G5V, 3G5Y, 3GOP, 3GT8, 3IKA, 3LZB, 3NJP, 3OB2, 3OP0, 3P0Y, 3PFV, 3POZ, 3QWQ, 3UG1, 3UG2, 3VJN, 3VJO, 3VRP, 3VRR, 3W2O, 3W2P, 3W2Q, 3W2R, 3W2S, 3W32, 3W33, 4G5J, 4G5P, 4HJO, 4I1Z, 4I20, 4I21, 4I22, 4I23, 4I24, 4JQ7, 4JQ8, 4JR3, 4JRV, 4KRL, 4KRM, 4KRO, 4KRP, 4LI5, 4LL0, 4LQM, 4LRM, 4R3P, 4R3R, 4R5S, 4RIW, 4RIX, 4RIY, 4RJ4, 4RJ5, 4RJ6, 4RJ7, 4RJ8, 4TKS, 4WKQ, 4WRG, 4ZJV, 5CNN, 5CNO, 5CAN, 2N5S, 5CAL, 5C8M, 4UV7, 5CAV, 5CZI, 5EDQ, 5CAS, 5CAO, 5CAP, 5EM5, 5HG5, 5EDR, 5EM8, 5EDP, 5HG7, 5CAU, 5C8K, 5C8N, 5CZH, 5CAQ, 5EM6, 4UIP, 5HG9, 5EM7, 5HG8, 4ZSE, 5HIB, 5HIC, 5D41, 4WD5
Identifiers
Aliases	EGFR, ERBB, ERBB1, HER1, NISBD2, PIG61, mENA, epidermal growth factor receptor, Genes, erbB-1, ERRP
External IDs	OMIM: 131550; MGI: 95294; HomoloGene: 74545; GeneCards: EGFR; OMA:EGFR - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 7 (human)[1] Band 7p11.2 Start 55,019,017 bp[1] End 55,211,628 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse)[2] Band 11 A2|11 9.41 cM Start 16,702,203 bp[2] End 16,868,158 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in nipple gums gingival epithelium placenta vulva skin of hip superficial temporal artery decidua human penis mucosa of pharynx Top expressed in left lobe of liver rib Dermatocranium external carotid artery skin of abdomen conjunctival fornix hair follicle zygote phalanx of foot calvaria More reference expression data BioGPS https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&rn=1&list_uids=1956/ More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function kinase activity nitric-oxide synthase regulator activity transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity protein phosphatase binding ATP binding protein kinase activity enzyme binding MAP kinase kinase kinase activity transferase activity chromatin binding actin filament binding double-stranded DNA binding transmembrane signaling receptor activity nucleotide binding signal transducer activity identical protein binding signaling receptor binding protein tyrosine kinase activity calmodulin binding protein kinase binding phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase activity protein heterodimerization activity integrin binding epidermal growth factor binding epidermal growth factor-activated receptor activity ubiquitin protein ligase binding cadherin binding virus receptor activity protein binding Cellular component cytoplasm endosome multivesicular body, internal vesicle lumen nuclear membrane membrane focal adhesion extracellular region perinuclear region of cytoplasm nucleus cell surface endoplasmic reticulum integral component of membrane Golgi apparatus early endosome membrane receptor complex plasma membrane endocytic vesicle intracellular anatomical structure AP-2 adaptor complex endosome membrane endoplasmic reticulum membrane Golgi membrane basolateral plasma membrane Shc-EGFR complex membrane raft apical plasma membrane synapse extracellular space clathrin-coated vesicle membrane integral component of plasma membrane basal plasma membrane protein-containing complex Biological process positive regulation of protein phosphorylation negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway positive regulation of MAP kinase activity protein phosphorylation cell surface receptor signaling pathway protein insertion into membrane cell population proliferation morphogenesis of an epithelial fold ossification negative regulation of protein catabolic process transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation activation of phospholipase C activity epidermis development learning or memory protein autophosphorylation positive regulation of phosphorylation cerebral cortex cell migration digestive tract morphogenesis hair follicle development phosphorylation positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation embryonic placenta development eyelid development in camera-type eye activation of phospholipase A2 activity positive regulation of DNA replication response to UV-A regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation positive regulation of cell migration positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process cellular response to estradiol stimulus positive regulation of DNA repair response to stress regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity salivary gland morphogenesis MAPK cascade cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus multicellular organism development regulation of cell population proliferation cell morphogenesis cellular response to amino acid stimulus signal transduction positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II lung development positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthetic process circadian rhythm positive regulation of superoxide anion generation positive regulation of cell population proliferation positive regulation of vasoconstriction response to osmotic stress tongue development negative regulation of apoptotic process response to cobalamin liver regeneration response to calcium ion wound healing cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle cellular response to growth factor stimulus hydrogen peroxide metabolic process response to oxidative stress response to lipid regulation of cell motility intracellular signal transduction response to organic cyclic compound magnesium ion homeostasis protein biosynthesis positive regulation of production of miRNAs involved in gene silencing by miRNA positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation positive regulation of bone resorption midgut development positive regulation of inflammatory response liver development diterpenoid metabolic process ERBB2 signaling pathway response to estradiol positive regulation of cell growth positive regulation of prolactin secretion astrocyte activation cellular response to mechanical stimulus response to hydroxyisoflavone neuron projection morphogenesis ovulation cycle regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation membrane organization positive regulation of protein kinase C activity negative regulation of ERBB signaling pathway positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane negative regulation of cardiocyte differentiation cellular response to reactive oxygen species positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated regulation of JNK cascade regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade cellular response to cadmium ion positive regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling viral entry into host cell epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation cell-cell adhesion regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling positive regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction cell differentiation positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity negative regulation of Notch signaling pathway positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 1956,https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&rn=1&list_uids=1956 1956,https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&rn=1&list_uids=1956 13649 Ensembl ENSG00000146648 ENSMUSG00000020122 UniProt P00533 Q01279 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001346897 NM_001346898 NM_001346899 NM_001346900 NM_001346941 NM_005228 NM_201282 NM_201283 NM_201284 NM_007912 NM_207655 RefSeq (protein) NP_001333826 NP_001333827 NP_001333828 NP_001333829 NP_001333870 NP_005219 NP_958439 NP_958440 NP_958441 NP_031938 NP_997538 Location (UCSC) Chr 7: 55.02 – 55.21 Mb Chr 11: 16.7 – 16.87 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; ErbB-1; HER1 in humans) is a transmembrane protein that is a receptor for members of the epidermal growth factor family (EGF family) of extracellular protein ligands.^[5]

The epidermal growth factor receptor is a member of the ErbB family of receptors, a subfamily of four closely related receptor tyrosine kinases: EGFR (ErbB-1), HER2/neu (ErbB-2), Her 3 (ErbB-3) and Her 4 (ErbB-4). In many cancer types, mutations affecting EGFR expression or activity could result in cancer.^[6]

Epidermal growth factor and its receptor was discovered by Stanley Cohen of Vanderbilt University. Cohen shared the 1986 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Rita Levi-Montalcini for their discovery of growth factors.

Deficient signaling of the EGFR and other receptor tyrosine kinases in humans is associated with diseases such as Alzheimer's, while over-expression is associated with the development of a wide variety of tumors. Interruption of EGFR signalling, either by blocking EGFR binding sites on the extracellular domain of the receptor or by inhibiting intracellular tyrosine kinase activity, can prevent the growth of EGFR-expressing tumours and improve the patient's condition^{[citation needed]}.