Erythroplakia

Erythroplakia
Other namesErythroplasia[1]: 734 
Erythroleukoplakia ("speckled leukoplakia"), left commissure. Biopsy showed mild epithelial dysplasia and candida infection. Antifungal medication may turn this type of lesion into a homogenous leukoplakia (i.e. the red areas would disappear)
SpecialtyOral medicine Edit this on Wikidata

Erythroplakia is a clinical term to describe any erythematous (red) area on a mucous membrane,[2] that cannot be attributed to any other pathology.[3]: 805 

The term erythroplasia was coined by Louis Queyrat to describe a precancerous red lesion of the penis.[4] This gave rise to the term erythoplasia of Queyrat. Depending upon the context, this term may refer specifically to carcinoma in situ of the glans penis or vulva appearing as a red patch, or may be used as a synonym of erythroplasia on other mucous membrane or transitional sites.[5]

It mainly affects the glans penis (the head of the penis),[6] although uncommonly it may present on the mucous membranes of the larynx,[2] and rarely, the mouth,[6][7] or the anus.[8]

Erythroplakia is analogous to the term leukoplakia which describes white patches. Together, these are the 2 traditionally accepted types of premalignant lesion in the mouth,[9][10] When a lesion contains both red and white areas, the term "speckled leukoplakia" or "eyrthroleukoplakia" is used.

Although oral erythroplakia is much less common than leukoplakia,[7] erythroplakia carries a significantly higher risk of containing dysplasia or carcinoma in situ, and of eventually transforming into invasive squamous cell carcinoma (a type of oral cancer).[2][7]

  1. ^ Freedberg, et al. (2003). Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-138076-0.
  2. ^ a b c Barnes L, ed. (2008). Surgical pathology of the head and neck Vol. 1 (3rd ed.). New York: Informa Healthcare. pp. 131, 275–277. ISBN 9780849390234.
  3. ^ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-7216-2921-6.
  4. ^ Lee C, Damm DD, Neville BW, Allen C, Bouquot J (2009). Oral and maxillofacial pathology (3rd ed.). St. Louis, Mo.: Saunders/Elsevier. pp. 397, 398. ISBN 9781437721973.
  5. ^ Braun-Falco O (2000). Dermatology (2nd ed.). Berlin [u.a.]: Springer. p. 1457. ISBN 9783540594529.
  6. ^ a b Laskaris G (2011). Treatment of oral diseases a concise textbook. Stuttgart: Thieme. p. 68. ISBN 9783131613714.
  7. ^ a b c Scully C (2013). Oral and maxillofacial medicine: the basis of diagnosis and treatment (3rd ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. pp. 184–185. ISBN 978-0-7020-4948-4.
  8. ^ Katsambas AD, Lotti TM, eds. (2003). European handbook of dermatological treatments (2nd ed.). Berlin [u.a.]: Springer. p. 169. ISBN 9783540008781.
  9. ^ Fischman SL, Ulmansky M, Sela J, Bab I, Gazit D (August 1982). "Correlative clinico-pathological evaluation of oral premalignancy". Journal of Oral Pathology. 11 (4): 283–9. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1982.tb00168.x. PMID 6809916.
  10. ^ Boy SC (November 2012). "Leukoplakia and erythroplakia of the oral mucosa-- a brief overview". South African Dental Journal. 67 (10): 558–60. PMID 23957095.