European emigration

European emigration
Regions with significant populations
 United States204,277,273 (2020)
31,134,234 (Mixed)[1][2]
 Brazil88,252,121 (2022)
92,083,286 (Mixed)[3][4]
 Mexico52,000,000[5][6][7][8]
 Argentina39,137,000[9]
Russia Siberia33,210,040
 Canada27,364,000 (2021)[10]
 Australia21,800,000[11]
 Venezuela13,169,949 (2011)[12][13][14]
 Chile10,520,000[9]
 Colombia10,400,000[14]
 Cuba7,160,000[15]
 South Africa4,504,252 (2022)
5,052,349 (Mixed)[16]
 Kazakhstan3,735,874[17]
 New Zealand3,383,742 (2023)[18]
 Costa Rica3,319,082[9]
 Uruguay3,101,095[19]
 Israel2,800,000[20]
 Canary Islands2,172,944[21]
 Dominican Republic1,611,752[22]
 Guatemala1,780,000[23]
 Paraguay1,750,000[9]
 Peru1,366,931 (2017)
13,965,254 (Mixed)[24]
 Nicaragua1,100,000[25]
 El Salvador1,087,000[9]
 Cyprus780,000[26]
 Puerto Rico560,592 (2020)[27]
 Ecuador374,925 (2022)
14,672,530 (Mixed)[28]
 Bolivia548,000[14]
 Kyrgyzstan352,889[29]
 Angola300,000[30]
 Madeira250,769[31]
 Réunion250,000[32]
 Namibia150,000[33]
 Honduras120,000[9]
 New Caledonia80,000[34]
 Ceuta60,000[citation needed]
 Melilla60,000[citation needed]
Languages
Languages of Europe (mostly English, Spanish, Portuguese, minority of French, Dutch, and Russian, also Polish, German and Italian)
Religion
Majority Christianity[35]
(mostly Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox). Minority includes Islam and Judaism.
Irreligion  · Other Religions
Related ethnic groups
Europeans

European emigration is the successive emigration waves from the European continent to other continents. The origins of the various European diasporas[36] can be traced to the people who left the European nation states or stateless ethnic communities on the European continent.

From 1500 to the mid-20th century, 60–65 million people left Europe, of which less than 9% went to tropical areas (the Caribbean, Asia, and Africa).[37]

From 1815 to 1932, 65 million people left Europe (with many returning home), primarily to areas of European settlement in North and South America,[38] in addition to South Africa, Australia,[39] New Zealand, and Siberia.[40] These populations also multiplied rapidly in their new habitat; much more so than the populations of Africa and Asia. As a result, on the eve of World War I, 38% of the world's total population was of European ancestry.[40] Most European emigrants to the New World came from mainly Italy, Germany, Ireland, United Kingdom, Spain, Poland, and Portugal, as well as France, Hungary, the Netherlands, Austria, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Armenia, Greece, Lithuania, Russia, and Ukraine.

More contemporary, European emigration can also refer to emigration from one European country to another, especially in the context of the internal mobility in the European Union (intra-EU mobility) or mobility within the Eurasian Union.

  1. ^ "2022 American Community Survey". Census Reporter. 12 August 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2024.
  2. ^ Includes Hispanic whites
  3. ^ "Tabela 9605: População residente, por cor ou raça, nos Censos Demográficos". sidra.ibge.gov.br. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
  4. ^ Azevedo, Ana Laura Moura dos Santos. "IBGE - Educa | Jovens". IBGE Educa Jovens (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference Marzo_DiaIntElimDiscRacial_INACCSS 2017 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ "Encuesta Nacional Sobre Discriminación en Mexico”, "CONAPRED", Mexico DF, June 2011. Retrieved on 28 April 2017.
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference MMSI1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference ElUniversal was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ a b c d e f Lizcano Fernández, Francisco (August 2005). "Composición Étnica de las Tres Áreas Culturales del Continente Americano al Comienzo del Siglo XXI" [Ethnic Composition of the Three Cultural Areas of the American Continent at the Beginning of the XXI Century]. Convergencia (in Spanish). 12 (38): 185–232.
  10. ^ "The Daily — The Canadian census: A rich portrait of the country's religious and ethnocultural diversity". Statistics Canada. 26 October 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2022.
  11. ^ "Australian Human Rights commission 2018" (PDF). 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
  12. ^ "Resultado Basico del XIV Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2011" [Basic Results of the XIV National Population and Housing Census 2011] (PDF) (in Spanish). Caracas: National Institute of Statistics of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. 9 August 2012. p. 14. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
  13. ^ "Demográficos: Censos de Población y Vivienda: Población Proyectada al 2016 - Base Censo 2011" [Demographics: Population and Housing Censuses: Population Projected to 2016 - Census Base 2011] (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 1 March 2017. adaption of the 42.2% white people from the census with current estimates
  14. ^ a b c "Ethnic groups". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Archived from the original on 6 January 2019. Retrieved 14 September 2013. Cite error: The named reference "CIA" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  15. ^ "Cuba - The World Factbook". www.cia.gov. 14 December 2021.
  16. ^ "Mid-year population estimates 2022". Retrieved 27 August 2022.
  17. ^ "Численность населения Республики Казахстан по отдельным этносам на начало 2024 года". Retrieved 22 April 2024.
  18. ^ "2023 Census population counts (by ethnic group, age, and Māori descent) and dwelling counts | Stats NZ". www.stats.govt.nz. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
  19. ^ Cabella, Wanda; Mathías Nathan; Mariana Tenenbaum (December 2013). Juan José Calvo (ed.). Atlas sociodemográfico y de la desigualdad del Uruguay, Fascículo 2: La población afro-uruguaya en el Censo 2011: Ancestry [Atlas of socio-demographics and inequality in Uruguay, Part 2: The Afro-Uruguayan population in the 2011 Census] (PDF) (in Spanish). Uruguay National Institute of Statistics. ISBN 978-9974-32-625-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 February 2014.
  20. ^ "Latest Population Statistics for Israel". www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  21. ^ "Población por comunidades y ciudades autónomas y sexo". Retrieved 15 November 2022.
  22. ^ "En RD 2,879,388 se identificaron como negras y morenas y 1,640,095 como asiaticas o blancas". 1 October 2024. Retrieved 19 October 2024.
  23. ^ Ethnic and Religious Diversity in Central America, PROLADES.
  24. ^ "Perú: Perfil Sociodemográfico" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. p. 214. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
  25. ^ "Nicaragua Demographics Profile".
  26. ^ "Population – Country of Birth, Citizenship Category, Country of Citizenship, Language, Religion, Ethnic/Religious Group, 2011". Statistical Service of the Republic of Cyprus. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2016.
  27. ^ "Puerto Rico ponders race amid surprising census results". Los Angeles Times. 16 October 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
  28. ^ "Ecuador: Censo de Población y Vivienda 2022" (PDF). censoecuador.gob.ec. 21 September 2023. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  29. ^ "National composition of the population of the Kyrgyz Republic for 2022".
  30. ^ "Angola threat to end special relations with Portugal". 31 October 2013.
  31. ^ "Resident population (No.) by Place of residence, Sex and Age group; Decennial - Statistics Portugal, Population and housing census – 2021". INE. Archived from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  32. ^ Tarnus, Evelyne; Bourdon, Emmanuel (December 2006). "Anthropometric evaluations of body composition of undergraduate students at the University of La Réunion". Advances in Physiology Education. 30 (4): 248–253. doi:10.1152/advan.00069.2005. PMID 17108254. S2CID 19474655.
  33. ^ "Namibia vows to change 'status-quo' of white-farm ownership". News24.
  34. ^ "Communauté d'appartenance – INSEE – ISEE / Recensement de la population de 2009 en Nouvelle-Calédonie" (XLS). Nouméa: Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (ISEE-NC). Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  35. ^ Philip Jenkins, from "The Christian Revolution," in The Next Christendom: The Coming of Global Christianity, Oxford University Press, 2002.
  36. ^ The use of the term "diaspora" in reference to people of European national or ethnic origins is contested and debated- Bauböck, Rainer; Faist, Thomas (2010). Diaspora and transnationalism : concepts, theories and methods. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. ISBN 9789089642387. OCLC 657637171.
  37. ^ Etemad, Bouda (August 2007). "Pour une approche démographique de l'expansion coloniale de l'Europe Bouda Etemad Dans Annales de démographie historique 2007/1 (n° 113), pages 13 à 32". Annales de Démographie Historique. 113 (1): 13–32. doi:10.3917/adh.113.0013.
  38. ^ Make America": European Emigration in the Early Modern Period edited by Ida Altman, James P. P. Horn (Page: 3 onwards)
  39. ^ De Lazzari, Chiara; Bruno Mascitelli (2016). "Migrant "Assimilation" in Australia: The Adult Migrant English Program from 1947 to 1971". In Bruno Mascitelli; Sonia Mycak; Gerardo Papalia (eds.). The European Diaspora in Australia: An Interdisciplinary Perspective. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 203. ISBN 978-1-4438-9419-7. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
  40. ^ a b "European Migration and Imperialism". historydoctor.net. Archived from the original on 22 November 2010. Retrieved 14 September 2013. The population of Europe entered its third and decisive stage in the early eighteenth century. Birthrates declined, but death rates also declined as the standard of living and advances in medical science provided for longer life spans. The population of Europe including Russia more than doubled from 188 million in 1800 to 432 million in 1900. From 1815 through 1932, sixty million people left Europe, primarily to "areas of European settlement," in North and South America, Australia, New Zealand and Siberia. These populations also multiplied rapidly in their new habitat; much more so than the populations of Africa and Asia. As a result, on the eve of World War I (1914), 38 percent of the world's total population was of European ancestry. This growth in population provided further impetus for European expansion, and became the driving force behind emigration. Rising populations put pressure on land, and land hunger and led to "land hunger." Millions of people went abroad in search of work or economic opportunity. The Irish, who left for America during the great Potato famine, were an extreme but not unique example. Ultimately, one third of all European migrants came from the British Isles between 1840 and 1920. Italians also migrated in large numbers because of poor economic conditions in their home country. German migration also was steady until industrial conditions in Germany improved when the wave of migration slowed. Less than one half of all migrants went to the United States, although it absorbed the largest number of European migrants. Others went to Asiatic Russia, Canada, Argentina, Brazil, Australia and New Zealand.