European paper wasp

European paper wasp
In Malta
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Vespidae
Subfamily: Polistinae
Genus: Polistes
Species:
P. dominula
Binomial name
Polistes dominula
(Christ, 1791)
Synonyms
  • Polistes gallicus Auctt.
  • Polistes dominulus (Christ)

The European paper wasp (Polistes dominula) is one of the most common and well-known species of social wasps in the genus Polistes. Its diet is more diverse than those of most Polistes species—many genera of insects versus mainly caterpillars in other Polistes—giving it superior survivability compared to other wasp species during a shortage of resources.

The dominant females are the principal egg layers, while the subordinate females ("auxiliaries") or workers primarily forage and do not lay eggs. This hierarchy is not permanent, though; when the queen is removed from the nest, the second-most dominant female takes over the role of the previous queen.[1] Dominance in females is determined by the severity of the scatteredness in the coloration of the clypeus (face), whereas dominance in males is shown by the variation of spots of their abdomens.[2] P. dominula is common and cosmopolitan due to their exceptional survival features such as productive colony cycle, short development time, and higher ability to endure predator attacks.[3]

These wasps have a lek-based mating system. Unlike most social insects, 35% of P. dominula wasps in a colony are unrelated. It is considered an invasive species in Canada and the United States.

  1. ^ Gamboa, G.J.; Greig, E.I.; Thom, M.C. (2002). "The comparative biology of two sympatric paper wasps, the native Polistes fuscatus and the invasive Polistes dominulus (Hymenoptera, Vespidae)". Insectes Sociaux. 49: 45–49. doi:10.1007/s00040-002-8278-y. S2CID 973811.
  2. ^ Izzo, Amanda; Elizabeth, A; Tibbetts, E (2012). "Spotting the Top Male: Sexually Selected Signals in Male Polistes dominulus Wasps". Animal Behaviour. 83 (3): 839–845. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.01.005. S2CID 53272275.
  3. ^ Liebert, Aviva; Gamboa, George; Stamp, Nancy; Curtis, Tracy; Monnet, Kimberley; Turillazzi, Stefano; Starks, Philip (29 Dec 2006). "Genetics, Behavior and Ecology of a Paper Wasp Invasion: Polistes dominulus in North America". Annales Zoologici Fennici. 624 (593).