Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction

Exercise-induced Bronchoconstriction
Other names	EIA
Specialty	Pulmonology
Symptoms	Shortness of breath on vigorous exercise
Usual onset	Rapid, on exercise
Duration	For the duration of activity and some time afterwards
Causes	Moderate to high intensity exercise

Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) occurs when the airways narrow as a result of exercise. This condition has been referred to as exercise-induced asthma (EIA); however, this term is no longer preferred.^[1] While exercise does not cause asthma, it is frequently an asthma trigger.^[1]

It might be expected that people with EIB would present with shortness of breath, and/or an elevated respiratory rate and wheezing, consistent with an asthma attack. However, many will present with decreased stamina, or difficulty in recovering from exertion compared to team members, or paroxysmal coughing from an irritable airway.^[2] Similarly, examination may reveal wheezing and prolonged expiratory phase, or may be quite normal. Consequently, a potential for under-diagnosis exists. Measurement of airflow, such as peak expiratory flow rates, which can be done inexpensively on the track or sideline, may prove helpful. In athletes, symptoms of bronchospasm such as chest discomfort, breathlessness, and fatigue are often falsely attributed to the individual being out of shape, having asthma, or possessing a hyperreactive airway rather than EIB.^[3]