&sq=Google&lang=en&file=File:Satellite_FR_1_musee_du_Bourget_P1020343.JPG) Cutaway replica of FR-1 at the Musée de l'air et de l'espace | |
| Names | FR-1 FR1[1] FR 1[1][2][3]: 27 FR.1[3]: 26–27 FR-1A[4] FRANCE[5] FRANCE 1[3]: 27 [5] France 1[1] French 1[1] |
|---|---|
| Mission type | Scientific |
| Operator | CNES, CNET, NASA |
| Harvard designation | 1965-101A |
| COSPAR ID | 1965-101A |
| SATCAT no. | 1814 |
| Mission duration | 1,180 days |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Manufacturer | CNES, CNET, Nord Aviation |
| Launch mass | 60 kg (130 lb), 71.7 kg (158 lb), or 135 lb (61 kg) |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 6 December 1965, 21:05:47 UTC |
| Rocket | Scout X-4 |
| Launch site | Vandenberg Air Force Base Western Range |
| End of mission | |
| Last contact | 28 February 1969 |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Low Earth |
| Semi-major axis | 7,049 kilometres (4,380 mi)[2] |
| Perigee altitude | 696 kilometres (432 mi) |
| Apogee altitude | 707 kilometres (439 mi) |
| Inclination | 75.9 degrees[2] |
| Period | 98.2 minutes[2] |
| Epoch | 6 December 1965 |
FR-1[1][4][6] was the second French satellite. Planned as the first French satellite, it was launched on 6 December 1965—ten days after the actual first French satellite, Astérix—by an American Scout X-4 rocket from the Western Range at Vandenberg Air Force Base. The scientific satellite studied the composition and structure of the ionosphere, plasmasphere, and magnetosphere by measuring the propagation of very low frequency (VLF) waves and the electron density of plasma in those portions of the Earth's atmosphere. FR-1's VLF receiver operated until 26 August 1968. FR-1 remains in orbit as of 2023.
- ^ a b c d e "General information about FR-1". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ^ a b c d "FR 1 Satellite details 1965-101A NORAD 1814". N2yo.com. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ^ a b c "French Government Plans West Europe's Most Extensive Space Effort". Aviation Week & Space Technology. New York: McGraw Hill Publishing Company. 17 June 1963. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
- ^ a b "Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1965" (PDF). NASA. p. 540. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ^ a b Wade, Mark. "FRANCE satellite". Astronautix. Archived from the original on August 30, 2016. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
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