Fabre-Nicolas Geffrard | |
|---|---|
 Geffrard in 1866 | |
| 8th President of Haiti | |
| In office 15 January 1859 – 13 March 1867 | |
| Preceded by | Faustin I of Haiti (as Emperor of Haiti) |
| Succeeded by | Nissage Saget (provisional) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Guillaume Fabre Nicolas Geffrard 23 September 1806 Anse-à-Veau, Haiti |
| Died | 31 December 1878 (aged 72) Kingston, British Jamaica |
| Spouse | Marguerite Lorvana McIntosh |
| Profession | Military |
Guillaume Fabre Nicolas Geffrard (French pronunciation: [ɡijom fabʁ nikɔla ʒɛfʁaʁ]; 23 September 1806[1] – 31 December 1878) was a mulatto[2] general in the Haitian army and President of Haiti from 1859 until his deposition in 1867. On 18 April 1852, Faustin Soulouque made him Duke of Tabara. After collaborating in a coup to remove Faustin Soulouque from power in order to return Haiti to the social and political control of the colored elite, Geffrard was made president in 1859. To placate the peasants he renewed the practice of selling state-owned lands and ended a schism with the Roman Catholic Church which then took on an important role in improving education. After surviving several rebellions, he was overthrown by Major Sylvain Salnave in 1867.[3] Geffrard was the first head of state of Haiti to have been born in the 19th century, as well as the first to be born after independence.
- ^ William Wells Brown (1874). The Rising Son: Or, The Antecedents and Advancement of the Colored Race. A. G. Brown. ISBN 978-0-598-57805-1.
- ^ Pamphile, Léon Dénius (2001). Haitians and African Americans: A Heritage of Tragedy and Hope. University Press of Florida. ISBN 9780813031071. Retrieved 4 March 2014.
- ^ Rogozinski, Jan (1999). A Brief History of the Caribbean (Revised ed.). New York: Facts on File, Inc. p. 220. ISBN 0-8160-3811-2.