Feminization (biology)

In biology and medicine, feminization is the development in an organism of physical characteristics that are usually unique to the females of the species. This may represent a normal developmental process, contributing to sexual differentiation. Feminization can also be induced by environmental factors, and this phenomenon has been observed in several animal species.^[1]^[2] In the case of transgender hormone therapy, it is intentionally induced artificially.

^ Fry, D.; Toone, C. (21 August 1981). "DDT-induced feminization of gull embryos". Science. 213 (4510): 922–924. Bibcode:1981Sci...213..922F. doi:10.1126/science.7256288. PMID 7256288.
^ Gimeno, Sylvia; Gerritsen, Anton; Bowmer, Tim; Komen, Hans (November 1996). "Feminization of male carp". Nature. 384 (6606): 221–222. Bibcode:1996Natur.384..221G. doi:10.1038/384221a0. PMID 8918871. S2CID 7497542.

[fry-1] Fry, D.; Toone, C. (21 August 1981). "DDT-induced feminization of gull embryos". Science. 213 (4510): 922–924. Bibcode:1981Sci...213..922F. doi:10.1126/science.7256288. PMID 7256288.

[Gimeno-2] Gimeno, Sylvia; Gerritsen, Anton; Bowmer, Tim; Komen, Hans (November 1996). "Feminization of male carp". Nature. 384 (6606): 221–222. Bibcode:1996Natur.384..221G. doi:10.1038/384221a0. PMID 8918871. S2CID 7497542.

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