Filoviridae

Filoviridae
Ebolavirus structure and genome
Electron micrograph of Marburg virus
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Negarnaviricota
Class: Monjiviricetes
Order: Mononegavirales
Family: Filoviridae
Genera

Filoviridae (/ˌfaɪloʊˈvɪrɪdiː/[1]) is a family of single-stranded negative-sense RNA viruses in the order Mononegavirales.[2] Two members of the family that are commonly known are Ebola virus and Marburg virus. Both viruses, and some of their lesser known relatives, cause severe disease in humans and nonhuman primates in the form of viral hemorrhagic fevers.[3]

All filoviruses are classified by the US as select agents,[4] by the World Health Organization as Risk Group 4 Pathogens (requiring Biosafety Level 4-equivalent containment),[5] by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases as Category A Priority Pathogens,[6] and by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as Category A Bioterrorism Agents,[7] and are listed as Biological Agents for Export Control by the Australia Group.[8]

  1. ^ "Filoviridae". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved July 28, 2018.
  2. ^ Kuhn, JH; Amarasinghe, GK; Basler, CF; Bavari, S; Bukreyev, A; Chandran, K; Crozier, I; Dolnik, O; Dye, JM; Formenty, PBH; Griffiths, A; Hewson, R; Kobinger, GP; Leroy, EM; Mühlberger, E; Netesov, SV; Palacios, G; Pályi, B; Pawęska, JT; Smither, SJ; Takada, A; Towner, JS; Wahl, V; ICTV Report, Consortium (June 2019). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Filoviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 100 (6): 911–912. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001252. PMC 7011696. PMID 31021739.
  3. ^ Kiley MP, Bowen ET, Eddy GA, Isaäcson M, Johnson KM, McCormick JB, Murphy FA, Pattyn SR, Peters D, Prozesky OW, Regnery RL, Simpson DI, Slenczka W, Sureau P, van der Groen G, Webb PA, Wulff H (1982). "Filoviridae: A taxonomic home for Marburg and Ebola viruses?". Intervirology. 18 (1–2): 24–32. doi:10.1159/000149300. PMID 7118520.
  4. ^ US Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) and US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). "National Select Agent Registry (NSAR)". Retrieved 2011-10-16.
  5. ^ US Department of Health and Human Services. "Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) 5th Edition". Retrieved 2011-10-16.
  6. ^ US National Institutes of Health (NIH), US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). "Biodefense — NIAID Category A, B, and C Priority Pathogens". Archived from the original on 2011-10-22. Retrieved 2011-10-16.
  7. ^ US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). "Bioterrorism Agents/Diseases". Archived from the original on July 22, 2014. Retrieved 2011-10-16.
  8. ^ The Australia Group. "List of Biological Agents for Export Control". Archived from the original on 2011-08-06. Retrieved 2011-10-16.