Fish allergy

Fish allergy
Raw salmon steaks
FrequencyFish allergy frequency estimated at ~1.5% (self-reported, developed world)[1][2][3]

Fish allergy is an immune hypersensitivity to proteins found in fish. Symptoms can be either rapid or gradual in onset. The latter can take hours to days to appear. The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine. Other presentations may include atopic dermatitis or inflammation of the esophagus.[4] Fish is one of the eight common food allergens which are responsible for 90% of allergic reactions to foods: cow's milk, eggs, wheat, shellfish, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, and soy beans.[5]

Unlike early childhood allergic reactions to milk and eggs, which often lessen as the children age,[6] fish allergy tends to first appear in school-age children and persist in adulthood.[7] Strong predictors for adult-persistence are anaphylaxis, high fish-specific serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and robust response to the skin prick test. It is unclear if the early introduction of fish to the diet of babies aged 4–6 months decreases the risk of later development of fish allergy. Adult onset of fish allergy is common in workers in the fish catching and processing industry.[8][9]

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference Nwaru2014 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference Sharp2014 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference Rona2007 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ National Report of the Expert Panel on Food Allergy Research, NIH-NIAID 2003 "June 30 2003.pdf" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-10-04. Retrieved 2006-08-07.
  5. ^ "Food Allergy Facts" Archived 2012-10-06 at the Wayback Machine Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America
  6. ^ Urisu A, Ebisawa M, Ito K, Aihara Y, Ito S, Mayumi M, Kohno Y, Kondo N (2014). "Japanese Guideline for Food Allergy 2014". Allergol Int. 63 (3): 399–419. doi:10.2332/allergolint.14-RAI-0770. PMID 25178179.
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference Prester2016 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference Lopata2013 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference Jeebhay2001 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).