Foreign relations of Taiwan

Diplomatic relations between world states and the ROC
  Countries that have formal relations with the PRC only, having no relations at all with the ROC
  Countries that have formal relations with the PRC only, but have informal relations or mutual de facto embassies with the ROC's Ministry of Foreign Affairs
  Countries that have formal relations with the ROC only, having no formal relations with the PRC

Foreign relations of the Republic of China (ROC), more commonly known as Taiwan, are accomplished by efforts of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of China, a cabinet-level ministry of the Government of the Republic of China.[1][2] As of January 2024, the ROC has formal diplomatic relations with 11 of the 193 United Nations member states and with the Holy See, which governs the Vatican City State.[3] In addition to these relations, the ROC also maintains unofficial relations[4] with 59 UN member states, one self-declared state (Somaliland), three territories (Guam, Hong Kong, and Macau), and the European Union via its representative offices and consulates. In 2021, the Government of the Republic of China had the 33rd largest diplomatic network in the world with 110 offices.[5]

Historically, the ROC has required its diplomatic allies to recognize it as the sole legitimate government of "China", competing for exclusive use of the name "China" with the PRC. During the early 1970s, the ROC was replaced by the PRC as the recognised government of "China" in the UN following Resolution 2758, which also led to the ROC's loss of its key position as a permanent member on the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) to the PRC in 1971.[6]

As international recognition of the ROC continues to dwindle concurrently with the PRC rise as a great power, its policy has changed into a more realistic position of actively seeking dual recognition with the PRC.[7] Today, many international organizations that the ROC participates in use alternative names, including "Chinese Taipei" at FIFA and the International Olympic Committee (IOC), among others.[8]

  1. ^ "Main text". English.president.gov.tw. 17 September 2010. Retrieved 25 April 2013.
  2. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan)". Mofa.gov.tw. 18 April 2013. Archived from the original on 13 May 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2013.
  3. ^ "Nauru switches diplomatic recognition from Taiwan to China". AP News. Associated Press. 16 January 2024. Retrieved 19 March 2024.
  4. ^ 中華民國國情介紹. 2.16.886.101.20003. 22 March 2017.
  5. ^ "Global Diplomacy Index – Country Rank". Lowy Institute. Archived from the original on 1 February 2019. Retrieved 13 October 2020.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference expell details un was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ Wong, Timothy Ka-ying (2000). "Changing Taiwan's Foreign Policy: From One China to Two States". Asian Perspective. 24 (1). Johns Hopkins University Press: 5–46. doi:10.1353/apr.2000.0035. JSTOR 42704247.
  8. ^ Oyen, Meredith (2 February 2022). "Why is Taiwan competing in the Olympics under 'Chinese Taipei'?". The Conversation. Retrieved 21 May 2023.