Frank Lloyd Wright | |
|---|---|
 Wright in 1954 | |
| Born | June 8, 1867 |
| Died | April 9, 1959 (aged 91) Phoenix, Arizona, U.S. |
| Alma mater | University of Wisconsin–Madison |
| Occupation | Architect |
| Spouses |
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| Partner | Mamah Borthwick (1909–1914) |
| Children | 8, including Lloyd Wright and John Lloyd Wright |
| Awards | |
| Buildings |
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| Projects | |
| Signature | |
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Frank Lloyd Wright Sr. (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959) was an American architect, designer, writer, and educator. He designed more than 1,000 structures over a creative period of 70 years. Wright played a key role in the architectural movements of the twentieth century, influencing architects worldwide through his works and mentoring hundreds of apprentices in his Taliesin Fellowship.[1][2] Wright believed in designing in harmony with humanity and the environment, a philosophy he called organic architecture. This philosophy was exemplified in Fallingwater (1935), which has been called "the best all-time work of American architecture".[3]
Wright was a pioneer of what came to be called the Prairie School movement of architecture and also developed the concept of the Usonian home in Broadacre City, his vision for urban planning in the United States. He also designed original and innovative offices, churches, schools, skyscrapers, hotels, museums, and other commercial projects. Wright-designed interior elements (including leaded glass windows, floors, furniture and even tableware) were integrated into these structures. He wrote several books and numerous articles and was a popular lecturer in the United States and in Europe. Wright was recognized in 1991 by the American Institute of Architects as "the greatest American architect of all time".[3] In 2019, a selection of his work became a listed World Heritage Site as The 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright.
Raised in rural Wisconsin, Wright studied civil engineering at the University of Wisconsin and then apprenticed in Chicago, briefly with Joseph Lyman Silsbee, and then with Louis Sullivan at Adler & Sullivan. Wright opened his own successful Chicago practice in 1893 and established a studio in his Oak Park, Illinois home in 1898. His fame increased and his personal life sometimes made headlines: leaving his first wife Catherine "Kitty" Tobin for Mamah Cheney in 1909; the murder of Mamah and her children and others at his Taliesin estate by a staff member in 1914; his tempestuous marriage with second wife Miriam Noel (m. 1923–1927); and his courtship and marriage with Olgivanna Lazović (m. 1928–1959).
- ^ Caves, R. W. (2004). Encyclopedia of the City. Routledge. p. 777. ISBN 978-0-415-86287-5.
- ^ A Directory of Frank Lloyd Wright Associates: APPRENTICES 1929 to 1959 Archived September 29, 2020, at the Wayback Machine, jgonwright.net, accessed February 10, 2021.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
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