| French Intervention to Korea 병인양요/丙寅洋擾 Expédition française en Corée | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 French fleet in Ganghwa, Choseon | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Joseon dynasty |
 Second French Empire | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
| 10,000 |
600[2] 1 frigate 2 corvettes 2 gunboats 2 dispatch boats | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
|
5 killed (3 at Munsu Fort) 2 wounded (at Munsu Fort) 2 missing[3] |
3 killed 35 wounded[4] | ||||||||
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 병인양요 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Byeong-in yangyo |
| McCune–Reischauer | Pyŏng'in yangyo |
The French Intervention to Korea (French: Expédition française en Corée, Korean: 병인양요[a]) was an 1866 punitive expedition undertaken by the Second French Empire against Joseon Korea in retaliation for the execution of seven French Catholic missionaries. The encounter over Ganghwa Island lasted nearly six weeks. The result was an eventual French retreat, and a check on French influence in the region.[6] The encounter also confirmed Korea in its isolationism for another decade, until Japan forced it to open up to trade in 1876 through the Treaty of Ganghwa.
In contemporary South Korea it is known as the Byeong-in yangyo, or "Western disturbance of the byeong-in year".
- ^ Medzini, Meron (1971). French Policy in Japan During the Closing Years of the Tokugawa Regime. Harvard University Asia Center. p. 144. ISBN 978-0-674-32230-1. Retrieved 22 April 2020.
- ^ Seth, Michael J. (2016). Routledge Handbook of Modern Korean History. Routledge. p. 45. ISBN 978-1-317-81149-7. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
- ^ Annals of Joseon Dynasty, Gojong, Book 3, September 21st, 1866 (고종실록) / Byeong-in Journal (병인일기) and Jungjok-Mountain Fortress Combat Fact(정족산성접전사실) by Yang Heon-su and 6 more
- ^ "Expédition de Corée en 1866, <<Le Spectateur militaire>> (Ch. Martin, 1883) P265
- ^ "Joseon Naval's Appointment & Operations". Google Arts & Culture. Korea National Maritime Museum. Retrieved 8 August 2023.
- ^ Pierre-Emmanuel Roux, La Croix, la baleine et le canon: La France face à la Corée au milieu du XIXe siècle, p. 231-275.
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