GISAID

GISAID
Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data
FormationDecember 19, 2006; 17 years ago (2006-12-19)[1][2][3][4]
TypeNonprofit organization[5]
PurposeGlobal health, research
HeadquartersMunich, Germany[6][5]
MethodDonations and grants
Key people
Websitehttps://gisaid.org

GISAID (/ˈɡɪseɪd/), the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data,[9] previously the Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data,[10][11] is a global science initiative established in 2008 to provide access to genomic data of influenza viruses. The database was expanded to include the coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic,[12][13] as well as other pathogens. The database has been described as "the world's largest repository of COVID-19 sequences".[14] GISAID facilitates genomic epidemiology and real-time surveillance to monitor the emergence of new COVID-19 viral strains across the planet.[15]

Since its establishment as an alternative to sharing avian influenza data[16] via conventional public-domain archives,[17] GISAID has facilitated the exchange of outbreak genome data[17] during the H1N1 pandemic[18][19] in 2009, the H7N9 epidemic[20][21] in 2013, the COVID-19 pandemic[22][23] and the 2022–2023 mpox outbreak.[24]

  1. ^ District of Columbia Corporation Registry, District of Columbia Department of Consumer and Regulatory Affairs, Initial File Number 263748
  2. ^ "OpenCorporates information for US, D.C. Company "GLOBAL INITIATIVE ON SHARING ALL INFLUENZA DATA"". opencorporates.com. Retrieved March 28, 2023.
  3. ^ Greenemeier, Larry (September 14, 2009). "Open-Access Flu Research Web Site Is Relaunched Amid Controversy". Scientific American. Retrieved May 5, 2023.
  4. ^ a b c "Vereinsregister des Amtsgerichts München" [Register of associations of the district court of Munich (Germany)] (PDF). Gemeinsames Registerportal der Länder. VR 204844 (in German). Munich, Germany: Ministerium der Justiz Nordrhein-Westfalen (justice ministry of the German Land of Nordrhein-Westfalen). March 24, 2023. Retrieved March 24, 2023.
  5. ^ "GISAID - Imprint / Privacy". gisaid.org. Retrieved March 24, 2023.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference sciencedecryaccess was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ "Governance & Expertise: Scientific Advisory Council". GISAID. 2020. Retrieved July 7, 2020. The Scientific Advisory Council (SAC) advises and supports the Initiative in pursuit of its public health and scientific objectives. Its members are leading scientists with expertise in virology, microbiology, computational and molecular biology, epidemiology, evolutionary genomics and bioinformatics, and public health or animal-health..
  8. ^ Shu, Y.; McCauley, J. (March 30, 2017). "GISAID: Global initiative on sharing all influenza data – from vision to reality". Euro Surveill. 22 (13). doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.13.30494. PMC 5388101. PMID 28382917.
  9. ^ Eban, Katherine (June 1, 2023). "Inside the COVID Origins Raccoon Dog Cage Match". Vanity Fair.
  10. ^ Bogner, Peter; Capua, Ilaria; Lipman, David J.; Cox, Nancy J. (August 30, 2006). "A global initiative on sharing avian flu data". Nature. 442 (7106): 981. Bibcode:2006Natur.442Q.981B. doi:10.1038/442981a. S2CID 4419375.
  11. ^ Swaminathan, Soumya (December 17, 2020). "The WHO's chief scientist on a year of loss and learning". Nature. Retrieved December 20, 2020.
  12. ^ Korber, Bette (August 20, 2020). "Tracking Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence that D614G Increases Infectivity of the COVID-19 Virus". Cell. 182 (4): 812–827.e19. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.043. PMC 7332439. PMID 32697968. the global sampling of SARS-CoV-2 is being very capably addressed by the Global Initiative for Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) database
  13. ^ "Hochul Extends Mask Mandate, Debuts New Surge Plan as NY Smashes Case Record Again". NBC New York. December 31, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2022. The omicron variant... accounted for 78% of genetically sequenced positive New York COVID samples uploaded to GISAID, the world's largest repository of COVID-19 sequences, over the last two weeks.
  14. ^ Jameel, Shahid (April 2, 2020). "Coronavirus pandemic highlights key need for science and partnerships". The Telegraph (Kolkata). Retrieved December 29, 2020.
  15. ^ McDowell, Robin (May 15, 2008). "Indonesia hands over bird flu data to new database". Fox News. Associated Press. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
  16. ^ a b Elbe, Stefan; Buckland-Merrett, Gemma (January 10, 2017). "Data, disease and diplomacy: GISAID's innovative contribution to global health". Global Challenges. 1 (1): 33–46. Bibcode:2017GloCh...1...33E. doi:10.1002/gch2.1018. PMC 6607375. PMID 31565258.
  17. ^ Schnirring, Lisa (June 25, 2009). "Pandemic reveals strengths of new flu database". Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
  18. ^ "Viral gene sequences to assist update diagnostics for swine influenza A(H1N1)" (PDF). World Health Organization. April 25, 2009. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
  19. ^ "The fight against bird flu". Nature. 496 (7446): 397. April 24, 2013. doi:10.1038/496397a. PMID 23627002.
  20. ^ Larson, Christina (April 10, 2013). "CDC Races to Create a Vaccine for China's Latest Bird Flu Strain". Bloomberg BusinessWeek. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
  21. ^ Prasad, R. (January 19, 2020). "What is the source of the new SARS-like disease reported in China?". The Hindu. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
  22. ^ Ng, Kang-chung (January 12, 2020). "Wuhan pneumonia: Hong Kong set to develop new test for mystery virus after obtaining genetic sequence from mainland China". South China Morning Post. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
  23. ^ "Epidemiological update: Monkeypox multi-country outbreak". www.ecdc.europa.eu. June 9, 2022. Retrieved March 25, 2023.