GNB4

GNB4
Identifiers
Aliases	GNB4, CMTD1F, G protein subunit beta 4, HG2B
External IDs	OMIM: 610863; MGI: 104581; HomoloGene: 69140; GeneCards: GNB4; OMA:GNB4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (human)
End	179,451,476 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (mouse)
End	32,670,734 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	skin of arm; ; secondary oocyte; ; skin of thigh; ; tibia; ; skin of hip; ; visceral pleura; ; parietal pleura; ; synovial membrane; ; saphenous vein; ; trigeminal ganglion;
	Top expressed in
	semi-lunar valve; ; ascending aorta; ; lumbar spinal ganglion; ; aortic valve; ; dermis; ; primary oocyte; ; vas deferens; ; tunica media of zone of aorta; ; superior cervical ganglion; ; yolk sac;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein-containing complex binding; signal transducer activity;
Cellular component	myelin sheath; lysosomal membrane; extracellular exosome; cytosol;
Biological process	cellular response to glucagon stimulus; substantia nigra development; signal transduction; protein folding;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	59345
	14696
	ENSG00000114450
	ENSMUSG00000027669
	Q9HAV0
	P29387
	NM_021629
	NM_013531; NM_001348062; NM_001348104; NM_001348105
	NP_067642
	NP_038559; NP_001334991; NP_001335033; NP_001335034
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNB4 gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins), which integrate signals between receptors and effector proteins, are composed of an alpha, a beta, and a gamma subunit. These subunits are encoded by families of related genes. This gene encodes a beta subunit. Beta subunits are important regulators of alpha subunits, as well as of certain signal transduction receptors and effectors.^[7]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000114450 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027669 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Downes GB, Gautam N (Mar 2000). "The G protein subunit gene families". Genomics. 62 (3): 544–52. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5992. PMID 10644457.
^ Ruiz-Velasco V, Ikeda SR, Puhl HL (Feb 2002). "Cloning, tissue distribution, and functional expression of the human G protein beta 4-subunit". Physiol Genomics. 8 (1): 41–50. doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00085.2001. PMID 11842130.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: GNB4 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide 4".

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000114450 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027669 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid10644457-5] Downes GB, Gautam N (Mar 2000). "The G protein subunit gene families". Genomics. 62 (3): 544–52. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5992. PMID 10644457.

[pmid11842130-6] Ruiz-Velasco V, Ikeda SR, Puhl HL (Feb 2002). "Cloning, tissue distribution, and functional expression of the human G protein beta 4-subunit". Physiol Genomics. 8 (1): 41–50. doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00085.2001. PMID 11842130.

[entrez-7] "Entrez Gene: GNB4 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide 4".

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