Gammaproteobacteria

Gammaproteobacteria
Vibrio cholerae
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Pseudomonadota
Class:	Gammaproteobacteria Garrity et al. 2005
Orders
Acidiferrobacterales Kojima et al. 2015 Aeromonadales Martin-Carnahan and Joseph 2005 Alteromonadales Bowman and McMeekin 2005 Arenicellales Teramoto et al. 2015 Cardiobacteriales Garrity et al. 2005 Cellvibrionales Spring et al. 2015 Chromatiales Imhoff 2005 Enterobacterales Adeolu et al. 2016 Immundisolibacterales Corteselli et al. 2017 Legionellales Garrity et al. 2005 Lysobacterales Christensen and Cook 1978 (Approved Lists 1980) Methylococcales Bowman 2005 Nevskiales Naushad et al. 2015 Oceanospirillales Garrity et al. 2005 Orbales Kwong and Moran 2013 Pasteurellales Garrity et al. 2005 Pseudomonadales Orla-Jensen 1921 (Approved Lists 1980) Thiotrichales Garrity et al. 2005 "Vibrionales" Garrity and Holt 2001 Families incertae sedis Thorselliaceae Kämpfer et al. 2015 Genera incertae sedis Arsukibacterium Schmidt et al. 2016 "Candidatus Azoamicus" Graf et al. 2021 Litorivivens Park et al. 2015 Plasticicumulans Jiang et al. 2011
Synonyms
"Chromatiia" Cavalier-Smith 2020

Gammaproteobacteria is a class of bacteria in the phylum Pseudomonadota (synonym Proteobacteria). It contains about 250 genera, which makes it the most genus-rich taxon of the Prokaryotes.^[1] Several medically, ecologically, and scientifically important groups of bacteria belong to this class. All members of this class are Gram-negative. It is the most phylogenetically and physiologically diverse class of the Pseudomonadota.^[2]

Members of Gammaproteobacteria live in several terrestrial and marine environments, in which they play various important roles, including in extreme environments such as hydrothermal vents. They can have different shapes, rods, curved rods, cocci, spirilla, and filaments,^[3] and include free living bacteria, biofilm formers, commensals and symbionts;^[4] some also have the distinctive trait of being bioluminescent.^[5] Diverse metabolisms are found in Gammaproteobacteria; there are both aerobic and anaerobic (obligate or facultative) species, chemolithoautotrophics, chemoorganotrophics, photoautotrophs and heterotrophs.^[6]